Gavel Erica H, Barreto Gabriel, Hawke Kierstyn V, Stellingwerff Trent, James Lewis J, Saunders Bryan, Logan-Sprenger Heather M
Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Sports Med Open. 2024 Feb 21;10(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40798-024-00679-8.
Menthol (MEN) mouth rinsing (MR) has gained considerable interest in the athletic population for exercise performance; however, the overall magnitude of effect is unknown.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of menthol MEN MR and the impact it has on exercise capacity and performance.
Three databases were searched with articles screened according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Three-level meta-analyses were used to investigate the overall efficacy of MEN MR and the impact it has on exercise capacity and performance. Meta-regressions were then performed with 1) mean VO2, 2) MEN swilling duration; 3) the MEN concentration of MR solution, 4) the number of executed swills throughout a single experiment, 5) the use of flavoured sweetened, non-caloric, or non-flavoured neutral solutions as controls, 6) mean environmental temperature at the time of exercise tests, and 7) exercise type as fixed factors to evaluate their influence on the effects of MEN MR.
Ten MEN MR studies included sufficient information pertaining to MEN MR and exercise performance and capacity. MR with MEN resulted in no significant change in capacity and performance (SMD = 0.12; 95% CI - 0.08, 0.31; p = 0.23, n = 1, tau1 < 0.0001, tau2 = < 0.0001, I = 0%). No significant influence was detected in meta-regressions for VO2, (estimate: 0.03; df = 8; 95% CI - 0.03, 0.09; p = 0.27), swilling duration (5 vs. 10 s: 0.00; df = 16; 95% CI - 0.41, 0.41; p = 1.0), MEN concentration (low [0.01%] vs. high [0.1%]: - 0.08; df = 15; 95% CI - 0.49, 0.32; p = 0.67), number of swills (estimate: 0.02; df = 13; 95% CI - 0.05, 0.09; p = 0.56), the use of flavoured sweetener or non-caloric as control (non-flavoured vs. flavoured: 0.12; df = 16; 95% CI - 0.30, 0.55; p = 0.55) or mean room temperature during exercise tests (estimate: 0.01; df = 16; 95% CI - 0.02, 0.04; p = 0.62).
MEN MR did not significantly improve overall exercise capacity and performance, though those involved in endurance exercise may see benefits.
薄荷醇（MEN）漱口水（MR）在运动员群体中因对运动表现的影响而备受关注；然而，其总体效果大小尚不清楚。
本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是确定薄荷醇MEN MR的功效及其对运动能力和表现的影响。
检索了三个数据库，并根据纳入/排除标准筛选文章。采用三级荟萃分析来研究MEN MR的总体功效及其对运动能力和表现的影响。然后进行荟萃回归分析，将1）平均VO2、2）MEN漱口持续时间、3）MR溶液的MEN浓度、4）单次实验中漱口的次数、5）使用调味甜味、无热量或无味中性溶液作为对照、6）运动测试时的平均环境温度以及7）运动类型作为固定因素，以评估它们对MEN MR效果的影响。
十项关于MEN MR的研究包含了与MEN MR及运动表现和能力相关的充分信息。使用MEN进行MR漱口对能力和表现没有显著影响（标准化均值差[SMD]=0.12；95%置信区间[-0.08, 0.31]；p=0.23，n=1，tau1<0.0001，tau2<0.0001，I=0%）。在对VO2的荟萃回归分析中未检测到显著影响（估计值：0.03；自由度=8；95%置信区间[-0.03, 0.09]；p=0.27）、漱口持续时间（5秒与10秒：0.00；自由度=16；95%置信区间[-0.41, 0.41]；p=1.0）、MEN浓度（低[0.01%]与高[0.1%]：-0.08；自由度=15；95%置信区间[-0.49, 0.32]；p=0.67）、漱口次数（估计值：0.02；自由度=13；95%置信区间[-0.05, 0.09]；p=0.56）、使用调味甜味剂或无热量物质作为对照（无味与有味：0.12；自由度=16；95%置信区间[-0.30, 0.55]；p=0.55）或运动测试期间的平均室温（估计值：0.01；自由度=16；95%置信区间[-0.02, 0.04]；p=0.62）。
MEN MR并没有显著提高整体运动能力和表现，不过耐力运动参与者可能会从中受益。
