Trappe Hans-Joachim, Völkel Eva-Maria, Reiner Gerald
Medizinische Universitätsklinik II (Schwerpunkte Kardiologie und Angiologie), Marienhospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Deutschland.
Klinik für Schweine (Innere Medizin und Chirurgie), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2024 Nov;119(8):678-689. doi: 10.1007/s00063-024-01110-6. Epub 2024 Feb 22.
The importance of music in intensive care medicine is still controversial and the mechanisms of music are unclear. It is important whether different music styles (classical music [CM], Heavy Metal [HM] show measurable effects on blood pressure (BP) or heart rate (HR) in humans or not. It is also unclear whether behavioral patterns are influenced by music (CM, HM) in animals.
We studied the influence of CM (Bach, Orchestral Suite No. 3, BWV 1068) and HM (Band Disturbed: Indestructible) compared to a control group (CO) without music exposure in 120 healthy subjects (60 study subjects, 60 control subjects) and 36 young pigs (18 Pietrains, 18 Wiesenauer Minipigs) according to an identical study protocol (21 minutes of music exposure (CM, HM) or 21 minutes of no music (C0).
We were able to clearly demonstrate in 36 pigs that CM led to significantly more activity behavior than HM or CO (p<0,01). HM caused significantly more stress behavior than CM or CO (p<0,01). In humans, there was a decrease in BP, BP or HR (beats per minute [bpm]) among CM: decrease BP -7,5±9,1 mm Hg, BP -4,9±7,5 mm Hg, HR -7,2±10,2 bpm. This was observed less frequently in HM: BP -3,6±7,1 mm Hg, BP -2,7±6,9 mm Hg, HR -5,9±9,0 bpm. The influence of BP and HR was significantly lower in CO compared to music: BP -2,3±7,2 mm Hg, BP -2,0±7,3 mm Hg, HR -5,8±12,3 bpm.
BP and HR in humans and behavioral patterns in animals are clearly influenced by music. CM leads more frequently to activity behavior in animals and to lower BP and HR in humans compared to HM or CO. In both animal breeds, stress behavior was observed more frequently in HM compared to CM or CO. Therefore, music may play a role in intensive care medicine.
音乐在重症医学中的重要性仍存在争议，其作用机制尚不清楚。不同音乐风格（古典音乐[CM]、重金属音乐[HM]）是否对人体血压（BP）或心率（HR）有可测量的影响，以及音乐（CM、HM）是否会影响动物的行为模式，这些都不清楚。
我们根据相同的研究方案（21分钟音乐暴露[CM、HM]或21分钟无音乐[C0]），在120名健康受试者（60名研究对象，60名对照对象）和36头幼猪（18头皮特兰猪、18头维森瑙小型猪）中，研究了CM（巴赫《第三号管弦乐组曲》，BWV 1068）和HM（Disturbed乐队：《坚不可摧》）与无音乐暴露的对照组（CO）相比的影响。
我们能够在36头猪中清楚地证明，CM比HM或CO导致更多的活动行为（p<0.01）。HM比CM或CO导致更多的应激行为（p<0.01）。在人类中，CM组的血压、收缩压或心率（每分钟心跳数[bpm]）有所下降：收缩压下降-7.5±9.1毫米汞柱，舒张压下降-4.9±7.5毫米汞柱，心率下降-7.2±10.2 bpm。在HM组中这种情况较少见：收缩压下降-3.6±7.1毫米汞柱，舒张压下降-2.7±6.9毫米汞柱，心率下降-5.9±9.0 bpm。与音乐组相比，CO组血压和心率的影响明显较低：收缩压下降-2.3±7.2毫米汞柱，舒张压下降-2.0±7.3毫米汞柱，心率下降-5.8±12.3 bpm。
音乐对人体的血压和心率以及动物的行为模式有明显影响。与HM或CO相比，CM在动物中更常导致活动行为，在人类中导致更低的血压和心率。在两个猪品种中，与CM或CO相比，HM中观察到的应激行为更频繁。因此，音乐可能在重症医学中发挥作用。
