Trappe Hans-Joachim
Medizinische Universitätsklinik II (Schwerpunkte Kardiologie und Angiologie), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2022 Feb;117(1):49-56. doi: 10.1007/s00063-020-00733-9. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Music not only plays an important role in everyone's life, it also has effects on heart rate, blood pressure and other physiological parameters. Although music can be interpreted as a subjective feeling, studies have shown that objective parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and other physiological parameters are clearly influenced by music in various circumstances. Meanwhile, music is used in many medical disciplines, including the area of intensive care medicine. Pain, stress and fear in particular can be influenced positively, but music also plays a major role in patients with delirium and during weaning or surgical interventions. According to many available reports and good prospective studies, a positive effect of music has been observed in many medical disciplines and also in intensive care. Also in postoperative patients, whether from visceral surgery, cardiac surgery, orthopaedics or gynecology, to name just a few, positive effects of music with regard to the parameters pain, stress and anxiety have been demonstrated. Even if many physiological and pathophysiological relationships between the effects of music are not explained in detail, the cerebral processing of different impulses is decisive for the effects of music. The most benefit on health is visible with classic music, particularly in compositions of Bach, Mozart or Italian composers.
音乐不仅在每个人的生活中扮演着重要角色，它还会对心率、血压及其他生理参数产生影响。尽管音乐可被视作一种主观感受，但研究表明，在各种情况下，心率、血压等客观生理参数会明显受到音乐的影响。同时，音乐被应用于许多医学学科，包括重症监护医学领域。尤其是疼痛、压力和恐惧会受到积极影响，而且音乐在谵妄患者以及撤机或手术干预期间也发挥着重要作用。根据许多现有报告和良好的前瞻性研究，在许多医学学科以及重症监护中都观察到了音乐的积极作用。同样，在术后患者中，无论是来自内脏手术、心脏手术、骨科手术还是妇科手术（仅举几例），音乐在疼痛、压力和焦虑参数方面的积极作用也得到了证实。即使音乐效果之间的许多生理和病理生理关系尚未得到详细解释，但大脑对不同冲动的处理对于音乐效果起着决定性作用。对健康最有益的是古典音乐，尤其是巴赫、莫扎特或意大利作曲家的作品。
