Lee Chiu-Hsiang, Lee Chien-Ying, Hsu Ming-Yi, Lai Chiung-Ling, Sung Yi-Hui, Lin Chung-Ying, Lin Long-Yau
1 Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
2 Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Biol Res Nurs. 2017 Mar;19(2):137-144. doi: 10.1177/1099800416669601. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) often experience stress and anxiety. Although stress and anxiety can be pharmacologically attenuated, some drugs cause adverse side effects such as bradycardia, immobility, and delirium. There is thus a need for an alternative treatment with no substantial adverse effects. Music intervention is a potential alternative. In the present study, we used cortisol levels, subjective questionnaires, and physiological parameters to explore the anxiety-reducing effects of music intervention in a sample of ICU patients on mechanical ventilation. Patients admitted to the ICU for ≥ 24 hr were randomly assigned to the music intervention ( n = 41) or control group ( n = 44). Music group patients individually listened to music from 4:00 to 4:30 p.m.; control group patients wore headphones but heard no music for the same 30 min. Anxiety was measured using serum cortisol levels, the Chinese Version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety, heart rate, and blood pressure. After adjusting for demographics, analysis of covariance showed that the music group had significantly better scores for all posttest measures ( p < .02) and pre-post differences ( p < .03) except for diastolic blood pressure. Because of music intervention's low cost and easy administration, clinical nurses may want to use music to reduce stress and anxiety for ICU patients. A single 30-min session might work immediately without any adverse effects. However, the duration of the effect is unclear; thus, each patient's mood should be monitored after the music intervention.
重症监护病房（ICU）的患者经常会经历压力和焦虑。尽管压力和焦虑可以通过药物减轻，但一些药物会引起诸如心动过缓、行动不便和谵妄等不良副作用。因此，需要一种没有实质性不良影响的替代治疗方法。音乐干预是一种潜在的替代方法。在本研究中，我们使用皮质醇水平、主观问卷和生理参数来探讨音乐干预对一组接受机械通气的ICU患者的焦虑缓解效果。入住ICU≥24小时的患者被随机分配到音乐干预组（n = 41）或对照组（n = 44）。音乐组患者在下午4:00至4:30单独听音乐；对照组患者戴着耳机，但在相同的30分钟内听不到音乐。使用血清皮质醇水平、中文版状态-特质焦虑量表、焦虑视觉模拟量表、心率和血压来测量焦虑。在对人口统计学进行调整后，协方差分析表明，除舒张压外，音乐组在所有测试后测量指标（p <.02）和前后差异（p <.03）方面的得分均显著更好。由于音乐干预成本低且易于实施，临床护士可能希望使用音乐来减轻ICU患者的压力和焦虑。单次30分钟的疗程可能会立即起效且没有任何不良影响。然而，效果的持续时间尚不清楚；因此，在音乐干预后应监测每位患者的情绪。
