College of Transport & Communications, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.
School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar;31(14):21172-21188. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32434-7. Epub 2024 Feb 22.
In response to the EU ETS, we propose a cost model considering carbon emissions for container shipping, calculating fuel consumption, carbon emissions, EUA cost, and total cost of container shipping. We take a container ship operating on a route from the Far East to Northwest Europe as a case study. Environmental and economic impacts of including maritime transport activities in the EU ETS on container shipping are assessed. Results show that carbon emissions from the selected container ship using methanol are the smallest, and total cost of the selected container ship using methanol is the lowest. Among MGO, HFO, LNG, and methanol, methanol is the most environmentally and cost-effective option. Using LNG has greater environmental benefit, while using HFO has greater economic benefit. Compared to MGO, carbon reduction effects of LNG and methanol are 14.2% and 57.1%, and their cost control effects are 7.8% and 26.5%. Compared to HFO, carbon reduction effects of LNG and methanol are 11.7% and 55.8%, and the cost control effect of methanol is 9.3%. Speed reduction is effective in achieving carbon reduction and cost control of container shipping only when the sailing speed of the selected container ship is greater than 8.36 knots. Once the sailing speed is less than this threshold, speed reduction will increase carbon emissions and total cost of container shipping. This model can assess the environmental and economic impacts of including maritime transport activities in the EU ETS on container shipping and explore the measures to achieve carbon reduction and cost control of container shipping in response to the EU ETS.
针对欧盟排放交易体系，我们提出了一个考虑集装箱航运碳排放的成本模型，计算燃料消耗、碳排放、EUA 成本和集装箱航运总成本。我们以一艘从远东到西北欧的航线运营的集装箱船为例，评估了将航运活动纳入欧盟排放交易体系对集装箱航运的环境和经济影响。结果表明，所选集装箱船使用甲醇的碳排放最小，使用甲醇的所选集装箱船的总成本最低。在 MGO、HFO、LNG 和甲醇中，甲醇是最环保和最具成本效益的选择。使用 LNG 具有更大的环境效益，而使用 HFO 具有更大的经济效益。与 MGO 相比，LNG 和甲醇的碳减排效果分别为 14.2%和 57.1%，其成本控制效果分别为 7.8%和 26.5%。与 HFO 相比，LNG 和甲醇的碳减排效果分别为 11.7%和 55.8%，甲醇的成本控制效果为 9.3%。只有当所选集装箱船的航行速度大于 8.36 节时，减速才会有效地实现集装箱航运的碳减排和成本控制。一旦航行速度低于这个阈值，减速将增加集装箱航运的碳排放和总成本。该模型可以评估将航运活动纳入欧盟排放交易体系对集装箱航运的环境和经济影响，并探讨应对欧盟排放交易体系实现集装箱航运碳减排和成本控制的措施。
