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探索自闭症儿童社交沟通技能的习得:应用行为分析(ABA)、家长培训和视频示范的初步结果。

Exploring the Acquisition of Social Communication Skills in Children with Autism: Preliminary Findings from Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Parent Training, and Video Modeling.

作者信息

Bordini Daniela, Moya Ana Cláudia, Asevedo Graccielle Rodrigues da Cunha, Paula Cristiane Silvestre, Brunoni Décio, Brentani Helena, Caetano Sheila Cavalcante, Mari Jair de Jesus, Bagaiolo Leila

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04017-030, SP, Brazil.

Human Development Sciences Program, Mackenzie Presbyterian University (UPM), Sao Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Brain Sci. 2024 Feb 9;14(2):172. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14020172.

Abstract

Social communication skills, especially eye contact and joint attention, are frequently impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and predict functional outcomes. Applied behavior analysis is one of the most common evidence-based treatments for ASD, but it is not accessible to most families in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as it is an expensive and intensive treatment and needs to be delivered by highly specialized professionals. Parental training has emerged as an effective alternative. This is an exploratory study to assess a parental intervention group via video modeling to acquire eye contact and joint attention. Four graded measures of eye contact and joint attention (full physical prompt, partial physical prompt, gestural prompt, and independent) were assessed in 34 children with ASD and intellectual disability (ID). There was a progressive reduction in the level of prompting required over time to acquire eye contact and joint attention, as well as a positive correlation between the time of exposure to the intervention and the acquisition of abilities. This kind of parent training using video modeling to teach eye contact and joint attention skills to children with ASD and ID is a low-cost intervention that can be applied in low-resource settings.

摘要

社交沟通技巧,尤其是眼神交流和共同注意力,在自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)中常常受损,并能预测功能预后。应用行为分析是ASD最常见的循证治疗方法之一,但在低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs),大多数家庭无法获得这种治疗,因为它昂贵且密集,需要由高度专业化的专业人员提供。家长培训已成为一种有效的替代方法。这是一项探索性研究,旨在通过视频示范评估一个家长干预组,以获得眼神交流和共同注意力。对34名患有ASD和智力障碍(ID)的儿童评估了眼神交流和共同注意力的四个分级指标(完全身体提示、部分身体提示、手势提示和独立)。随着时间的推移,获得眼神交流和共同注意力所需的提示水平逐渐降低,并且干预暴露时间与能力获得之间存在正相关。这种使用视频示范向患有ASD和ID的儿童教授眼神交流和共同注意力技能的家长培训是一种低成本干预措施,可应用于资源匮乏的环境中。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ac16/10886593/6ab8a6e70390/brainsci-14-00172-g001.jpg

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