Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
Sci Adv. 2024 Feb 23;10(8):eadk3198. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3198.
Achieving long-lasting neuronal modulation with low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound is challenging. Here, we devised theta burst ultrasound stimulation (TBUS) with gamma bursts for brain entrainment and modulation of neuronal plasticity in the mouse motor cortex. We demonstrate that two types of TBUS, intermittent and continuous TBUS, induce bidirectional long-term potentiation or depression-like plasticity, respectively, as evidenced by changes in motor-evoked potentials. These effects depended on molecular pathways associated with long-term plasticity, including -methyl-d-aspartate receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B activation, as well as de novo protein synthesis. Notably, bestrophin-1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 play important roles in these enduring effects. Moreover, pretraining TBUS enhances the acquisition of previously unidentified motor skills. Our study unveils a promising protocol for ultrasound neuromodulation, enabling noninvasive and sustained modulation of brain function.
实现低强度、低频超声的长期神经元调节具有挑战性。在这里，我们设计了具有伽马爆发的θ爆发超声刺激（TBUS），用于大脑同步和调节小鼠运动皮层中的神经元可塑性。我们证明，两种类型的 TBUS，即间歇 TBUS 和连续 TBUS，分别诱导双向长时程增强或类似抑郁的可塑性，这可以通过运动诱发电位的变化来证明。这些效应取决于与长时程可塑性相关的分子途径，包括 -甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体和脑源性神经营养因子/原肌球蛋白受体激酶 B 的激活，以及新蛋白质的合成。值得注意的是，Bestrophin-1 和瞬时受体电位锚蛋白 1 在这些持久效应中发挥重要作用。此外，预先训练 TBUS 可增强先前未识别的运动技能的习得。我们的研究揭示了一种有前途的超声神经调节方案，可实现大脑功能的非侵入性和持续调节。
