School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Jan 26;15(2):160. doi: 10.3390/genes15020160.
The capability of embryogenic callus induction is a prerequisite for in vitro plant regeneration. However, embryogenic callus induction is strongly genotype-dependent, thus hindering the development of in vitro plant genetic engineering technology. In this study, to examine the genetic variation in embryogenic callus induction rate (CIR) in peanut ( L.) at the seventh, eighth, and ninth subcultures (T7, T8, and T9, respectively), we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for CIR in a population of 353 peanut accessions. The coefficient of variation of CIR among the genotypes was high in the T7, T8, and T9 subcultures (33.06%, 34.18%, and 35.54%, respectively), and the average CIR ranged from 1.58 to 1.66. A total of 53 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected (based on the threshold value -log() = 4.5). Among these SNPs, SNPB03-83801701 showed high phenotypic variance and neared a gene that encodes a peroxisomal ABC transporter 1. SNPA05-94095749, representing a nonsynonymous mutation, was located in the locus (encoding an auxin response factor 19 protein) at T8, which was associated with callus formation. These results provide guidance for future elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of embryogenic callus induction in peanut.
胚性愈伤组织诱导能力是体外植物再生的前提。然而，胚性愈伤组织的诱导强烈依赖于基因型，这阻碍了体外植物遗传工程技术的发展。在这项研究中，为了研究花生第七、八和第九次继代培养（T7、T8 和 T9）时胚性愈伤组织诱导率（CIR）的遗传变异，我们对 353 个花生品种进行了 CIR 的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。在 T7、T8 和 T9 培养物中，CIR 基因型间的变异系数较高（分别为 33.06%、34.18%和 35.54%），平均 CIR 范围为 1.58 至 1.66。共检测到 53 个显著的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）（基于阈值-log() = 4.5）。在这些 SNP 中，SNPB03-83801701 表现出较高的表型方差，且接近编码过氧化物酶体 ABC 转运蛋白 1 的基因。SNP A05-94095749 代表一个非同义突变，位于 T8 上的 locus（编码生长素反应因子 19 蛋白），与愈伤组织形成有关。这些结果为进一步阐明花生胚性愈伤组织诱导的调控机制提供了指导。
