Policastro Francesca, Yahya Nizar Bakir, Rossi Alessandra, Silli Giorgia, Galeoto Giovanni, Taib Nezar Ismet
Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok 42001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jan 26;11(2):162. doi: 10.3390/children11020162.
The actual literature highlights the importance of the socio-cultural context in the development of children. However, there is a lack of specific evidence about the middle East, especially regarding the development of Kurdish children who are living in a post-war scenario, in a country which is experiencing continuous instability due to the different crises. The main aim of this study is to identify the features of the motor development of Kurdish children according to parents' opinion. A comparison with Italian children is provided as a Western example, which reflects data from the literature. In the study, 331 parents of Kurdish and Italian children aged between 3 and 7 years were involved. Parents filled the questionnaire at kindergartens, after providing consent. The questionnaire was conceptualized, designed, tested and provided ad hoc for this study; it focused on the timing of development, concerning major milestones like head control, sitting and standing-up. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions and has not been standardized yet. A logistic regression showed several differences between Kurdish and Italian children, like head control ( = 0.007) or the manipulation of big objects ( < 0.0001). These results identify the effect of the socio-cultural context and the impact of the growing environment of the child. Moreover, the results of this survey show the need for introducing different adapted, translated and validated assessment tools for motor development, considering differences related to the socio-cultural context.
实际文献强调了社会文化背景在儿童发展中的重要性。然而，缺乏关于中东地区的具体证据，特别是关于生活在战后情景中的库尔德儿童的发展情况，这个国家由于各种危机而持续动荡不安。本研究的主要目的是根据家长的意见确定库尔德儿童运动发展的特征。作为西方的一个例子，提供了与意大利儿童的比较，这反映了文献中的数据。在这项研究中，涉及了331名年龄在3至7岁之间的库尔德和意大利儿童的家长。家长在幼儿园获得同意后填写问卷。该问卷是为本研究专门构思、设计、测试和提供的；它侧重于发展的时间，涉及头部控制、坐立等主要里程碑。问卷由15个问题组成，尚未标准化。逻辑回归显示库尔德和意大利儿童之间存在一些差异，如头部控制（=0.007）或对大物体的操作（<0.0001）。这些结果确定了社会文化背景的影响以及儿童成长环境的影响。此外，这项调查的结果表明，考虑到与社会文化背景相关的差异，需要引入不同的经过改编、翻译和验证的运动发展评估工具。
