Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
Department of Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
Biomolecules. 2024 Feb 10;14(2):210. doi: 10.3390/biom14020210.
Recent studies have shown that a pro-inflammatory diet and dysbiosis, especially a high level of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), are associated with various adverse health conditions. Cardiovascular diseases and pancreatic diseases are two major morbidities in the modern world. Through this narrative review, we aimed to summarize the association between a pro-inflammatory diet, gut microbiota, and cardiovascular and pancreatic diseases, along with their underlying mechanisms. Our review revealed that TMAO is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases by promoting platelet aggregation, atherosclerotic plaque formation, and vascular inflammation. TMAO is also associated with the development of acute pancreatitis. The pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer and cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms that include increasing TMAO levels, activating the lipopolysaccharides cascade, and the direct pro-inflammatory effect of certain nutrients. Meanwhile, an anti-inflammatory diet decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and pancreatic cancer.
最近的研究表明，促炎饮食和肠道菌群失调，特别是高水平的三甲胺 N-氧化物（TMAO），与各种不良健康状况有关。心血管疾病和胰腺疾病是现代世界的两大主要疾病。通过本次叙述性综述，我们旨在总结促炎饮食、肠道微生物群与心血管疾病和胰腺疾病之间的关联，以及它们的潜在机制。我们的综述表明，TMAO 通过促进血小板聚集、动脉粥样硬化斑块形成和血管炎症，与心血管疾病的发展有关。TMAO 也与急性胰腺炎的发展有关。促炎饮食通过增加 TMAO 水平、激活脂多糖级联反应以及某些营养素的直接促炎作用，与胰腺癌和心血管疾病的风险增加有关。同时，抗炎饮食降低了心血管疾病和胰腺癌的风险。
