Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023 Jan 7;23(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12872-022-03023-8.
Inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors can be involved in developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate and compare the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM and non-T2DM cases.
In this cross-sectional population-based study, considering the baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort, patients with T2DM (n = 785) and non-T2DM cases (n = 8254) were included. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was calculated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and was classified into four groups (quartiles) with lowest to highest scores. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between DII and cardiometabolic risk factors in both groups.
The participants were 9,039 (4140 men and 4889 women) with a mean age of 47.4 ± 8.2 years; the mean body mass index (BMI) and DII were 27.49 ± 4.63 kg/m and - 2.49 ± 1.59, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, we found that DII can increase the risk of T2DM by 61% (95% CI 1.27 to 2.05, P < 0.001). A comparison of two groups revealed that the association of DII, obesity/overweight and dyslipidemia were also significant in both diabetic (P < 0.05) and non-diabetic cases (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between DII, MetS, and hypertension in either of the groups. The association between DII and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) was only significant in diabetic patients (1.65; 95%CI: 1.02 to 2.65, P = 0.04) and T2DM showed an interaction with the association between DII and CVDs.
Inflammatory potential of diet may increase the risk of T2DM. Although it can increase the risk of some cardiometabolic risk factors in both diabetic and non-diabetic cases, its effects were greater among patients with T2DM. However, further prospective studies are required to confirm these associations.
炎症和心血管代谢危险因素可能与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的发生有关。本研究旨在探讨和比较炎症饮食与 T2DM 患者和非 T2DM 患者心血管代谢危险因素之间的关系。
在这项基于人群的横断面研究中，我们考虑了 Ravansar 非传染性疾病（RaNCD）队列的基线数据，纳入了 785 例 T2DM 患者（n=785）和 8254 例非 T2DM 患者（n=8254）。采用食物频率问卷（FFQ）计算膳食炎症指数（DII），并将其分为四个分数最低到最高的四分位数组。采用 logistic 回归分析比较两组 DII 与心血管代谢危险因素的关系。
研究对象共 9039 人（4140 名男性和 4889 名女性），平均年龄为 47.4±8.2 岁；平均体重指数（BMI）和 DII 分别为 27.49±4.63kg/m2和-2.49±1.59。在调整混杂因素后，我们发现 DII 可使 T2DM 的发病风险增加 61%（95%CI 1.27 至 2.05，P<0.001）。两组比较发现，DII、肥胖/超重和血脂异常在糖尿病（P<0.05）和非糖尿病患者（P<0.05）中均具有显著相关性。然而，两组中 DII 与代谢综合征（MetS）和高血压之间均无显著相关性。DII 与心血管疾病（CVDs）之间的相关性仅在糖尿病患者中具有显著性（1.65；95%CI：1.02 至 2.65，P=0.04），且 T2DM 与 DII 与 CVDs 之间的相关性存在交互作用。
饮食的炎症潜能可能会增加 T2DM 的发病风险。虽然它可以增加糖尿病和非糖尿病患者的一些心血管代谢危险因素的发病风险，但在 T2DM 患者中作用更大。然而，需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些关联。
