Mormone Andrea, Tortorella Giovanni, Esposito Francesca, Caturano Alfredo, Marrone Aldo, Cozzolino Domenico, Galiero Raffaele, Marfella Raffaele, Sasso Ferdinando Carlo, Rinaldi Luca
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Feb 14;12(2):432. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12020432.
Hypercholesterolemia plays a crucial role in the formation of lipid plaques, particularly with elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels, which are linked to increased risks of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Controlling blood cholesterol values, specifically reducing LDL-C, is widely recognized as a key modifiable risk factor for decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases. Historically, statins, by inhibiting the enzyme β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG)-CoA reductase, have been among the most effective drugs. However, newer non-statin agents have since been introduced into hypercholesterolemia therapy, providing a viable alternative with a favorable cost-benefit ratio. This paper aims to delve into the latest therapies, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic benefits.
高胆固醇血症在脂质斑块形成中起关键作用，尤其是在低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）水平升高时，这与心血管疾病、脑血管疾病和外周动脉疾病风险增加有关。控制血液胆固醇值，特别是降低LDL-C，被广泛认为是降低心血管疾病相关发病率和死亡率的关键可改变风险因素。从历史上看，他汀类药物通过抑制β-羟基-β-甲基戊二酰辅酶A（HMG）-CoA还原酶，一直是最有效的药物之一。然而，此后新型非他汀类药物已被引入高胆固醇血症治疗，提供了一种具有良好成本效益比的可行替代方案。本文旨在深入探讨最新疗法，阐明其作用机制和治疗益处。
