Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico City 04010, Mexico.
Zoetis Swine, Mexico City 05120, Mexico.
Viruses. 2024 Feb 18;16(2):309. doi: 10.3390/v16020309.
The characteristics of the whole PEDV genome that has circulated in Mexico from the first outbreak to the present are unknown. We chose samples obtained from 2013 to 2017 and sequenced them, which enabled us to identify the genetic variation and phylogeny in the virus during the first four years that it circulated in Mexico. A 99% identity was found among the analyzed pandemic strains; however, the 1% difference affected the structure of the S glycoprotein, which is essential for the binding of the virus to the cellular receptor. The S protein induces the most efficacious antibodies; hence, these changes in structure could be implicated in the clinical antecedents of the outbreaks. Antigenic changes could also help PEDV avoid neutralization, even in the presence of previous immunity. The characterization of the complete genome enabled the identification of three circulating strains that have a deletion in ORF1a, which is present in attenuated Asian vaccine strains. The phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome indicates that the first PEDV outbreaks in Mexico were caused by INDEL strains and pandemic strains related to USA strains; however, the possibility of the entry of European strains exists, which may have caused the 2015 and 2016 outbreaks.
墨西哥首例暴发至今流行的全基因组 PEDV 的特征尚不清楚。我们选择了 2013 年至 2017 年期间获得的样本并对其进行测序，这使我们能够确定该病毒在墨西哥流行的前四年中的遗传变异和系统发生。分析的大流行株之间存在 99%的同一性；然而，1%的差异影响了 S 糖蛋白的结构，这对于病毒与细胞受体的结合至关重要。S 蛋白诱导最有效的抗体；因此，这些结构变化可能与暴发的临床前因有关。抗原变化也可以帮助 PEDV 逃避中和，即使存在先前的免疫。完整基因组的特征鉴定出三种循环株在 ORF1a 中缺失，该缺失存在于亚洲减毒疫苗株中。完整基因组的系统发生分析表明，墨西哥首例 PEDV 暴发是由 INDEL 株和与美国株相关的大流行株引起的；然而，存在欧洲株进入的可能性，这可能导致了 2015 年和 2016 年的暴发。
