Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, People's Republic of China.
Wuhu Dongyuan New Country Developing Co., Ltd, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar;31(14):22012-22023. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32534-4. Epub 2024 Feb 24.
Are the residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in freshwater in China still of concern after prohibition and restriction for decades? The scarcity of monitoring data on OCPs in freshwater in China over the past few years has hampered understanding of this issue. In this study, water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples were collected from the middle reach of the Huai River for OCP analyses. Residues of ∑OCPs in water and SPM ranged from ND to 8.6 ng L and 0.50 to 179 ng L, with mean concentrations of 1.7 ± 1.3 ng L and 6.1 ± 31 ng L, respectively. ∑HCHs (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH) and ∑HEPTs (heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide) were the most predominant pesticides in the dissolved phase and SPM, respectively, accounting for 43 ± 35% and 27 ± 29% of ∑OCPs. HCHs and heptachlor epoxide mainly existed in the dissolved phase, while heptachlor mainly existed in SPM. The isomeric composition pattern of HCHs in water differed from that in SPM. Briefly, β-HCH dominated in water, while δ-HCH dominated in SPM. However, the composition pattern of DDT and its metabolites in water was similar to that in SPM. o,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE dominated in both water and SPM. The ratios of α-/γ-HCH and (DDD + DDE)/DDTs indicated that HCHs and DDTs were mainly derived from historical residues. Risk assessments indicated that OCPs may not pose carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to residents.
中国禁用和限制数十年后，淡水中的有机氯农药（OCPs）残留问题是否仍值得关注？近年来，中国淡水中 OCP 监测数据的缺乏阻碍了对这一问题的理解。本研究采集了淮河中游的水样和悬浮颗粒物（SPM）样品，用于 OCP 分析。水中和 SPM 中∑OCPs 的残留量范围分别为 ND 至 8.6 ng/L 和 0.50 至 179 ng/L，平均值分别为 1.7 ± 1.3 ng/L 和 6.1 ± 31 ng/L。∑六氯环己烷（α-、β-、γ-和 δ-六氯环己烷）和∑七氯（七氯和七氯环氧化物）分别是溶解相和 SPM 中最主要的农药，分别占∑OCPs 的 43 ± 35%和 27 ± 29%。HCHs 和七氯环氧化物主要存在于溶解相中，而七氯主要存在于 SPM 中。水中 HCHs 的同系物组成模式与 SPM 中的不同。简而言之，β-HCH 在水中占主导地位，而 δ-HCH 在 SPM 中占主导地位。然而，水中 DDT 及其代谢物的组成模式与 SPM 中的相似。o,p'-DDD 和 p,p'-DDE 在水中和 SPM 中均占主导地位。α-/γ-HCH 和（DDD+DDE）/DDTs 的比值表明 HCHs 和 DDTs 主要来自历史残留。风险评估表明，OCPs 可能不会对居民造成致癌和非致癌风险。
