Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Macular Disease Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.
Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2024 Jul-Aug;69(4):575-584. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.02.004. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and is the main cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. The pathogenesis of DR is still unclear. The complement system, as an important component of the innate immune system in addition to defending against the invasion of foreign microorganisms, is involved in the occurrence and development of DR through 3 widely recognized complement activation pathways, the complement regulatory system, and many other pathways. Molecules such as C3a, C5a, and membrane attacking complex, as important molecules of the complement system, are involved in the pathologenesus of DR, either through direct damaging effects or by activating cells (microglia, macroglia, etc.) in the retinal microenvironment to contribute to the pathological damage of DR indirectly. We review the integral association of the complement system and DR to further understand the pathogenesis of DR and possibly provide a new strategy for itstreatment.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病常见的微血管并发症之一，也是糖尿病患者视力损害的主要原因。DR 的发病机制尚不清楚。补体系统作为除了抵御外来微生物入侵之外的固有免疫系统的重要组成部分，通过 3 种广泛认可的补体激活途径、补体调节系统和许多其他途径参与 DR 的发生和发展。C3a、C5a 和膜攻击复合物等作为补体系统的重要分子，通过直接损伤作用或激活视网膜微环境中的细胞（小胶质细胞、大胶质细胞等）间接参与 DR 的病理发生。我们综述了补体系统与 DR 的整体关联，以进一步了解 DR 的发病机制，并可能为其治疗提供新策略。
