Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 630 West 168th St. Room 16-416, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Clin Epigenetics. 2024 Feb 26;16(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s13148-024-01629-7.
People living with HIV (PLHIV) on effective antiretroviral therapy are living near-normal lives. Although they are less susceptible to AIDS-related complications, they remain highly vulnerable to non-communicable diseases. In this exploratory study of older PLHIV (OPLHIV) in Eswatini, we investigated whether epigenetic aging (i.e., the residual between regressing epigenetic age on chronological age) was associated with HIV-related parameters, and whether lifestyle factors modified these relationships. We calculated epigenetic aging focusing on the Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge and GrimAge epigenetic clocks, and a pace of biological aging biomarker (DunedinPACE) among 44 OPLHIV in Eswatini.
Age at HIV diagnosis was associated with Hannum epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) (β-coefficient [95% Confidence Interval]; 0.53 [0.05, 1.00], p = 0.03) and longer duration since HIV diagnosis was associated with slower Hannum EAA (- 0.53 [- 1.00, - 0.05], p = 0.03). The average daily dietary intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with DunedinPACE (0.12 [0.03, 0.22], p = 0.01). The associations of Hannum EAA with the age at HIV diagnosis and duration of time since HIV diagnosis were attenuated when the average daily intake of fruits and vegetables or physical activity were included in our models. Diet and self-perceived quality of life measures modified the relationship between CD4 T cell counts at participant enrollment and Hannum EAA.
Epigenetic age is more advanced in OPLHIV in Eswatini in those diagnosed with HIV at an older age and slowed in those who have lived for a longer time with diagnosed HIV. Lifestyle and quality of life factors may differentially affect epigenetic aging in OPLHIV. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess epigenetic aging in OPLHIV in Eswatini and one of the few in sub-Saharan Africa.
接受有效抗逆转录病毒疗法的艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）过着近乎正常的生活。虽然他们不太容易受到艾滋病相关并发症的影响，但他们仍然非常容易受到非传染性疾病的影响。在这项对斯威士兰老年 PLHIV（OPLHIV）的探索性研究中，我们研究了表观遗传衰老（即，对表观遗传年龄与实际年龄回归进行回归残差）是否与 HIV 相关参数相关，以及生活方式因素是否改变了这些关系。我们计算了表观遗传衰老，重点关注 Horvath、Hannum、PhenoAge 和 GrimAge 表观遗传时钟，以及斯威士兰 44 名 OPLHIV 中的生物衰老生物标志物 DunedinPACE。
HIV 诊断时的年龄与 Hannum 表观遗传年龄加速（EAA）相关（β系数[95%置信区间]；0.53 [0.05，1.00]，p = 0.03），而 HIV 诊断后时间的长短与 Hannum EAA 较慢相关（-0.53 [-1.00，-0.05]，p = 0.03）。每天平均的水果和蔬菜摄入量与 DunedinPACE 相关（0.12 [0.03，0.22]，p = 0.01）。当包括水果和蔬菜的日常摄入量或身体活动时，Hannum EAA 与 HIV 诊断年龄和 HIV 诊断后时间长短的关联减弱。饮食和自我感知的生活质量措施改变了参与者入组时 CD4 T 细胞计数与 Hannum EAA 之间的关系。
在斯威士兰，与那些在较年长时被诊断出患有 HIV 的人相比，那些在更年轻时被诊断出患有 HIV 的人表观遗传年龄更显老，而那些已经患有 HIV 更长时间的人表观遗传年龄更年轻。生活方式和生活质量因素可能会对 OPLHIV 的表观遗传衰老产生不同的影响。据我们所知，这是第一项在斯威士兰评估 OPLHIV 表观遗传衰老的研究，也是在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的为数不多的研究之一。
