Mashlawi Abadi M, Alqahtani Hussain, Abuelmaali Sara A, Gloria-Soria Andrea, Saingamsook Jassada, Kaddumukasa Martha, Ghzwani Ahmad Hassn, Abdulhaq Ahmed A, Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M, Walton Catherine
Department of Biology, College of Science Jazan University Jazan Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Evol Appl. 2024 Feb 22;17(2):e13661. doi: 10.1111/eva.13661. eCollection 2024 Feb.
(Linnaeus, 1762) mosquito is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika and is well established today all over the world. The species comprises two forms: the ancestral form found throughout Africa and a global domestic form that spread to the rest of the tropics and subtropics. In Saudi Arabia, has been known in the southwest since 1956, and previous genetic studies clustered from Saudi Arabia with the global domestic form. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic structure of in Saudi Arabia and determine their geographic origin. Genetic data for 17 microsatellites were collected for ranging from the southwestern highlands of Saudi Arabia on the border of Yemen to the north-west in Madinah region as well as from Thailand and Uganda populations (as representatives of the ancestral African and global domestic forms, respectively). The low but significant level of genetic structuring in Saudi Arabia was consistent with long-distance dispersal capability possibly through road connectivity and human activities, that is, passive dispersal. There are two main genetic groupings in Saudi Arabia, one of which clusters with the Ugandan population and the other with the Thailand population with many Saudi Arabian individuals having mixed ancestry. The hypothesis of genetic admixture of the ancestral African and global domestic forms in Saudi Arabia was supported by approximate Bayesian computational analyses. The extent of admixture varied across Saudi Arabia. African ancestry was highest in the highland area of the Jazan region followed by the lowland Jazan and Sahil regions. Conversely, the western (Makkah, Jeddah and Madinah) and Najran populations corresponded to the global domesticated form. Given potential differences between the forms in transmission capability, ecology and behaviour, the findings here should be taken into account in vector control efforts in Saudi Arabia.
（林奈，1762年）蚊子是登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介，如今在世界各地广泛存在。该物种有两种形态：遍布非洲的原始形态和传播到热带和亚热带其他地区的全球家养形态。在沙特阿拉伯，自1956年以来，西南部就已发现该物种，此前的基因研究将沙特阿拉伯的该物种与全球家养形态归为一类。本研究的目的是评估沙特阿拉伯该物种的遗传结构并确定其地理起源。收集了来自沙特阿拉伯与也门接壤的西南部高地到麦地那地区西北部以及泰国和乌干达种群（分别作为原始非洲形态和全球家养形态的代表）的该物种17个微卫星的基因数据。沙特阿拉伯遗传结构水平较低但具有显著差异，这与可能通过道路连通性和人类活动进行的远距离扩散能力相一致，即被动扩散。沙特阿拉伯有两个主要的基因分组，其中一个与乌干达种群聚类，另一个与泰国种群聚类，许多沙特阿拉伯个体具有混合血统。近似贝叶斯计算分析支持了沙特阿拉伯原始非洲形态和全球家养形态基因混合的假设。混合程度在沙特阿拉伯各地有所不同。在吉赞地区的高地，非洲血统最高，其次是吉赞低地和萨希尔地区。相反，西部（麦加、吉达和麦地那）和奈季兰种群对应于全球家养形态。鉴于不同形态在传播能力、生态和行为方面可能存在差异，在沙特阿拉伯的病媒控制工作中应考虑本研究结果。
