Achuoth Mach P, Mudalungu Cynthia M, Ochieng Brian O, Mokaya Hosea O, Kibet Shadrack, Maharaj Vinesh J, Subramanian Sevgan, Kelemu Segenet, Tanga Chrysantus M
International Centre of Insects Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Biodiscovery Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 12;9(7):8478-8489. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09741. eCollection 2024 Feb 20.
Globally, antibiotics are facing fierce resistance from multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. There is an urgent need for eco-friendly alternatives. Though insects are important targets for antimicrobial peptides, it has received limited research attention. This study investigated the impact of waste substrates on the production of antibacterial agents in black soldier fly ( L.) larvae (HIL) and their implications in the suppression of pathogens [ (ATCC 6051), (ATCC 25923), (ATCC 27853), and (ATCC 25922)]. The 20% acetic acid (AcOH) extract from market waste had the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone of 17.00 mm, followed by potato waste (15.02 mm) against . Hexane extract from HIL raised on market waste also showed a significant inhibitory zone (13.06 mm) against . .Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values recorded were 25 mg/mL against all test pathogens. The fastest time-kill of 20% AcOH extract was 4 h against, , ,and. Lauric acid was also identified as the dominant component of the various hexane extracts with concentrations of 602.76 and 318.17 μg/g in HIL reared on potato and market waste, respectively. Energy from the market waste substrate correlated significantly ( = 0.97) with antibacterial activities. This study highlights the key role of substrate quality and extraction methods for enhancing the production of antibacterial agents in HIL, thus providing new insights into the development of potential drugs to overcome the alarming concerns of antimicrobial resistance.
在全球范围内，抗生素正面临多重耐药细菌菌株的强烈耐药性。迫切需要环保替代品。尽管昆虫是抗菌肽的重要靶点，但相关研究关注有限。本研究调查了废弃底物对黑水虻幼虫抗菌剂产生的影响及其对病原体抑制的影响[粪肠球菌（ATCC 6051）、金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 25923）、大肠杆菌（ATCC 27853）和肺炎克雷伯菌（ATCC 25922）]。市场废弃物的20%乙酸（AcOH）提取物具有最高的抗菌活性，抑菌圈为17.00毫米，其次是马铃薯废弃物（15.02毫米）对粪肠球菌的抑菌效果。以市场废弃物饲养的黑水虻幼虫的己烷提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌也显示出显著的抑菌圈（13.06毫米）。记录的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值对所有测试病原体均为25毫克/毫升。20% AcOH提取物对粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的最快杀菌时间为4小时。月桂酸也被确定为各种己烷提取物的主要成分，在以马铃薯和市场废弃物饲养的黑水虻幼虫中，其浓度分别为602.76和318.17微克/克。来自市场废弃物底物的能量与抗菌活性显著相关（r = 0.97）。本研究强调了底物质量和提取方法对提高黑水虻幼虫抗菌剂产量的关键作用，从而为开发潜在药物以克服对抗菌药物耐药性的惊人担忧提供了新的见解。
