Lee Kyu-Shik, Yun Eun-Young, Goo Tae-Won
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38766, Korea.
Department of Integrative Bio-Industrial Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
Insects. 2020 Oct 15;11(10):704. doi: 10.3390/insects11100704.
The expressions of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the larvae of the black soldier fly, , were significantly increased by pathogen or stimulant induced innate immunity activation. We immunized fifth instar larvae with five different species, that is, , , , , or , to induce the mass production of AMPs and selected optimal immune inducers. Antimicrobial activities in hemolymph and larvae (HIL) extract were evaluated against three species (, , and ). Highest antimicrobial activity was shown by the hemolymph of HIL immunized by and its activity was closely linked with the inductions of cecropin 1 (HiCec1) and defensin 1 (HiDef1) gene expressions. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity in hemolymph was stable to heat and pH and the growth of three species were dramatically suppressed by HIL hemolymph and extract after immunization with . The minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) of -immunized HIL extract against , , and species ranged from 100200 µg/100 µL and no cytotoxicity to CaCo-2 and L929 cells were observed in the concentration range 10040,000 µg/100 µL. Taken together, the present investigation demonstrates that -immunized HIL extract is a powerful natural antibiotic and preservative that can prevent contamination by species.
家蝇幼虫中抗菌肽（AMPs）的表达在病原体或刺激物诱导先天免疫激活后显著增加。我们用五种不同的物种，即[物种名称1]、[物种名称2]、[物种名称3]、[物种名称4]或[物种名称5]免疫五龄幼虫，以诱导抗菌肽的大量产生并选择最佳免疫诱导剂。对血淋巴和幼虫（HIL）提取物针对三种[微生物名称]（[微生物名称1]、[微生物名称2]和[微生物名称3]）的抗菌活性进行了评估。由[免疫物种名称]免疫的HIL的血淋巴显示出最高的抗菌活性，并且其活性与天蚕素1（HiCec1）和防御素1（HiDef1）基因表达的诱导密切相关。此外，血淋巴中的抗菌活性对热和pH稳定，在用[免疫物种名称]免疫后，三种[微生物名称]的生长被HIL血淋巴和提取物显著抑制。[免疫物种名称]免疫的HIL提取物对[微生物名称1]、[微生物名称2]和[微生物名称3]物种的最小抑菌浓度（MICs）范围为100200μg/100μL，在10040,000μg/100μL的浓度范围内未观察到对CaCo-2和L929细胞的细胞毒性。综上所述，本研究表明[免疫物种名称]免疫的HIL提取物是一种强大的天然抗生素和防腐剂，可以防止被[微生物名称]物种污染。
