Ludfiani Dini Dwi, Asmara Widya, Arianti Forita Dyah
Research Center for Sustainable Production Systems and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2024 Jan;17(1):143-149. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.143-149. Epub 2024 Jan 20.
The production of lignocellulosic biomass waste in the agricultural sector of Indonesia is quite high annually. Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass waste through fermentation technology can be used as feed and biofuel. Fermentation technology requires the involvement of micro-organisms such as bacteria (lactic acid bacteria or LAB). LABs can be isolated from various sources, such as duck excreta. However, there have not been many reports of LAB from duck excreta. The present study aimed to characterize LAB enzymes isolated from duck excreta and obtain LAB enzymes with superior fermentation properties.
A total of 11 LAB cultures obtained from duck excreta in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were tested. Enzyme characterization of each LAB was performed using the API ZYM kit (BioMérieux, Marcy-I'Etoile, France). The bacterial cell suspension was dropped onto the API ZYM™ cupule using a pipette and incubated for 4 h at 37°C. After incubation, ZYM A and ZYM B were dripped onto the API ZYM cupule, and color changes were observed for approximately 10 s under a strong light source.
Esterase activity was moderate for all LABs. The activity of α-chymotrypsin, β-glucuronidase, α-fucosidase, and α-mannosidase was not observed in a total of 10 LAB. The phosphohydrolase and amino peptidase enzyme activity of seven LABs was strong. Only six LAB samples showed protease activity. The glycosyl hydrolase (GH) activity was observed in a total of 8 LAB, while the activity of 2 LAB was strong ( subsp. K5 and M4A).
A total of 2 LABs have superior properties. subsp. K5 and M4A have a high potential to be used in fermentation. They have the potential for further research, such as their effectiveness in fermentation, lignocellulose hydrolysis, feed additives, molecular characterization to detect specific enzymes, and their specific activities.
印度尼西亚农业部门每年产生的木质纤维素生物质废弃物量相当高。通过发酵技术利用木质纤维素生物质废弃物可作为饲料和生物燃料。发酵技术需要微生物如细菌（乳酸菌或LAB）的参与。乳酸菌可从各种来源分离，如鸭粪便。然而，关于鸭粪便中乳酸菌的报道并不多。本研究旨在表征从鸭粪便中分离的乳酸菌酶，并获得具有优异发酵特性的乳酸菌酶。
对从印度尼西亚日惹鸭粪便中获得的11株乳酸菌培养物进行了测试。使用API ZYM试剂盒（法国生物梅里埃公司，马西 - 伊托伊勒）对每种乳酸菌进行酶特性分析。用移液管将细菌细胞悬液滴加到API ZYM™小杯中，并在37°C下孵育4小时。孵育后，将ZYM A和ZYM B滴加到API ZYM小杯上，在强光源下观察约10秒的颜色变化。
所有乳酸菌的酯酶活性中等。在总共10株乳酸菌中未观察到α - 糜蛋白酶、β - 葡萄糖醛酸酶、α - 岩藻糖苷酶和α - 甘露糖苷酶的活性。7株乳酸菌的磷酸水解酶和氨肽酶活性较强。只有6个乳酸菌样品显示出蛋白酶活性。总共8株乳酸菌观察到糖基水解酶（GH）活性，其中2株乳酸菌（K5亚种和M4A）的活性较强。
共有2株乳酸菌具有优异特性。K5亚种和M4A具有很高的发酵应用潜力。它们有进一步研究的潜力，如在发酵、木质纤维素水解、饲料添加剂、检测特定酶的分子表征及其比活性方面的有效性。
