Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Mar;30(3):548-554. doi: 10.3201/eid3003.231162.
Because epidemiologic and environmental risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been reported only infrequently, little information exists about those factors. The state of Virginia, USA, requires certain ecologic features to be included in reports to the Virginia Department of Health, presenting a unique opportunity to study those variables. We analyzed laboratory reports of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and M. abscessus infections in Virginia during 2021-2023. MAC/M. abscessus was isolated from 6.19/100,000 persons, and 2.37/100,000 persons had MAC/M. abscessus lung disease. M. abscessus accounted for 17.4% and MAC for 82.6% of cases. Saturated vapor pressure was associated with MAC/M. abscessus prevalence (prevalence ratio 1.414, 95% CI 1.011-1.980; p = 0.043). Self-supplied water use was a protective factor (incidence rate ratio 0.304, 95% CI 0.098-0.950; p = 0.041). Our findings suggest that a better understanding of geographic clustering and environmental water exposures could help develop future targeted prevention and control efforts.
由于非结核分枝杆菌 (NTM) 的流行病学和环境风险因素报道较少，因此关于这些因素的信息有限。美国弗吉尼亚州要求在向弗吉尼亚州卫生部报告时纳入某些生态特征，这为研究这些变量提供了独特的机会。我们分析了 2021-2023 年弗吉尼亚州的鸟分枝杆菌复合群 (MAC) 和脓肿分枝杆菌感染的实验室报告。MAC/脓肿分枝杆菌的分离率为每 100,000 人 6.19 例，每 100,000 人中有 2.37 人患有 MAC/脓肿分枝杆菌肺病。脓肿分枝杆菌占 17.4%，MAC 占 82.6%。饱和蒸汽压与 MAC/脓肿分枝杆菌的流行率相关（流行率比 1.414，95%置信区间 1.011-1.980；p=0.043）。自供用水是一个保护因素（发病率比 0.304，95%置信区间 0.098-0.950；p=0.041）。我们的研究结果表明，更好地了解地理聚集和环境水暴露可能有助于制定未来有针对性的预防和控制措施。
