Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 26;14(1):4639. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55116-3.
Knowledge regarding the ligament footprints in the canine stifle is essential for biomechanical modeling of the joint and patient-specific surgical planning for anatomical ligament reconstruction. The present study aimed to establish and evaluate deformable shape templates (DSTs) of the femur and tibia with footprints of the cruciate and collateral ligaments embedded for the noninvasive estimation of ligament footprint positions. To this end, a data set of computed tomography (CT)-derived surface models of the femur and tibia were established and used to build statistical shape models (SSMs). The contours of the stifle ligaments were obtained from CT scans of 27 hindlimb specimens with radio-opaque markings on the ligament footprints. The DST, constructed by embedding averaged footprint contours into the SSM, was used to estimate subject-specific ligament footprints in a leave-one-out cross-validation framework. The DST predictions were compared with those derived from radio-opaque-marked footprints. The results showed that the averaged Euclidean distances between the estimated and reference footprint centroids were less than 1.2 mm for the cruciate ligaments and 2.0 mm for the collateral ligaments. The DST appeared to provide a feasible alternative approach for noninvasively estimating the footprints of the stifle ligaments in vivo.
了解犬后肢跗关节的韧带压迹对于关节的生物力学建模和解剖韧带重建的个体化手术规划至关重要。本研究旨在建立和评估嵌入有十字韧带和侧副韧带压迹的股骨和胫骨可变形形状模板（DST），以无创估计韧带压迹位置。为此，建立了一组由计算机断层扫描（CT）衍生的股骨和胫骨表面模型数据集，并用于构建统计形状模型（SSM）。从 27 个后肢标本的 CT 扫描中获得了跗关节韧带的轮廓，这些标本的韧带压迹上有不透射线的标记。通过将平均压迹轮廓嵌入 SSM 构建的 DST，用于在留一法交叉验证框架中估计特定于个体的韧带压迹。将 DST 预测与源自不透射线标记的压迹的预测进行了比较。结果表明，对于十字韧带，估计和参考压迹质心之间的平均欧几里得距离小于 1.2mm，对于侧副韧带，该距离小于 2.0mm。DST 似乎为无创估计活体跗关节韧带的压迹提供了一种可行的替代方法。
