Chen Xue, Chen Yanan, Di Lu, Liu Na, Liu Ting, Cai Yun, Di Weiying
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Hospital of Stomatology Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Feb 12;15:1333658. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1333658. eCollection 2024.
Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 encephalitis is an uncommon autoimmune condition characterized by a subacute onset of cerebellar syndrome. Frequently, it also manifests as sleep disorders and cognitive or behavioral changes. While immunotherapy is the primary treatment approach, the disease remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a case of anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 encephalitis, highlighting its primary cerebellar syndrome manifestation. The first magnetic resonance imaging scan showed no obvious abnormality. Lumbar puncture showed increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure, increased white blood cell count and protein level. The next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid showed Epstein-Barr virus infection, and the patient was diagnosed with viral cerebellar encephalitis. However, antiviral therapy was ineffective. Finally, anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 was measured at 1:1,000, and the patient was definitely diagnosed with anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 encephalitis. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to such diseases to avoid misdiagnosis.
抗代谢型谷氨酸受体1脑炎是一种罕见的自身免疫性疾病，其特征为小脑综合征亚急性起病。通常，它还表现为睡眠障碍以及认知或行为改变。虽然免疫疗法是主要的治疗方法，但该疾病仍未被充分了解。在此，我们报告一例抗代谢型谷氨酸受体1脑炎病例，突出其主要的小脑综合征表现。首次磁共振成像扫描未显示明显异常。腰椎穿刺显示脑脊液压力升高、白细胞计数和蛋白水平升高。脑脊液下一代测序显示爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒感染，患者被诊断为病毒性小脑脑炎。然而，抗病毒治疗无效。最后，抗代谢型谷氨酸受体1检测值为1:1000，患者被明确诊断为抗代谢型谷氨酸受体1脑炎。因此，临床医生应关注此类疾病以避免误诊。
