Kim Sihyong J, Tanglay Onur, Chong Elizabeth H N, Young Isabella M, Fonseka Rannulu D, Taylor Hugh, Nicholas Peter, Doyen Stephane, Sughrue Michael E
Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Omniscient Neurotechnology, Sydney, Australia.
Transl Neurosci. 2023 Dec 31;14(1):20220299. doi: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0299. eCollection 2023 Jan 1.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in childhood. Two common features of ADHD are impaired behavioural inhibition and sustained attention. The Go/No-Go experimental paradigm with concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning has previously revealed important neurobiological correlates of ADHD such as the supplementary motor area and the prefrontal cortex. The coordinate-based meta-analysis combined with quantitative techniques, such as activation likelihood estimate (ALE) generation, provides an unbiased and objective method of summarising these data to understand the brain network architecture and connectivity in ADHD children. Go/No-Go task-based fMRI studies involving children and adolescent subjects were selected. Coordinates indicating foci of activation were collected to generate ALEs using threshold values (voxel-level: < 0.001; cluster-level: < 0.05). ALEs were matched to one of seven canonical brain networks based on the cortical parcellation scheme derived from the Human Connectome Project. Fourteen studies involving 457 children met the eligibility criteria. No significant convergence of Go/No-Go related brain activation was found for ADHD groups. Three significant ALE clusters were detected for brain activation relating to controls or ADHD < controls. Significant clusters were related to specific areas of the default mode network (DMN). Network-based analysis revealed less extensive DMN, dorsal attention network, and limbic network activation in ADHD children compared to controls. The presence of significant ALE clusters may be due to reduced homogeneity in the selected sample demographic and experimental paradigm. Further investigations regarding hemispheric asymmetry in ADHD subjects would be beneficial.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是儿童期诊断出的最常见的神经发育障碍之一。ADHD的两个常见特征是行为抑制受损和持续注意力不集中。先前采用同时进行功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描的Go/No-Go实验范式已揭示了ADHD的重要神经生物学关联，如辅助运动区和前额叶皮质。基于坐标的荟萃分析结合定量技术，如激活可能性估计（ALE）生成，提供了一种无偏且客观的方法来总结这些数据，以了解ADHD儿童的脑网络结构和连通性。选择了涉及儿童和青少年受试者的基于Go/No-Go任务的fMRI研究。收集指示激活焦点的坐标，使用阈值（体素水平：<0.001；簇水平：<0.05）生成ALE。根据源自人类连接组计划的皮质分割方案，将ALE与七个典型脑网络之一进行匹配。十四项涉及457名儿童的研究符合纳入标准。在ADHD组中未发现与Go/No-Go相关的脑激活有显著的汇聚。在与对照组或ADHD<对照组相关的脑激活中检测到三个显著的ALE簇。显著簇与默认模式网络（DMN）的特定区域有关。基于网络的分析显示，与对照组相比，ADHD儿童的DMN、背侧注意网络和边缘网络激活范围较小。显著ALE簇的存在可能是由于所选样本人口统计学和实验范式的同质性降低。对ADHD受试者的半球不对称性进行进一步研究将是有益的。
