Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Biophysics of the Comenius University, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Biophysics of the Comenius University, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Environ Radioact. 2024 Apr;274:107401. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107401. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
Fifty-five years of radiocarbon variation studies are reviewed with an emphasis on a better understanding of the impacts of the Bohunice nuclear power plant and fossil fuel CO on the atmosphere and biosphere of Slovakia. The maximum ΔC levels in the air up to about 1200‰ were observed during the 1970s at the Žlkovce monitoring station, which after 2005 decreased to <30‰. A relative decrease in the atmospheric ΔC levels due to increasing levels of fossil CO in the atmosphere has also been significant, for example, in Bratislava down to about -330‰, but after 2005 they were only <50‰ below the Jungfraujoch European clean-air level. The tree-ring data, averaging the annual ΔC levels for several stations in Slovakia, have been in agreement with the atmospheric data, as well as with the newly established clean-air station at Jasná in central Slovakia. Future C levels will depend strongly on fossil CO levels in the atmosphere, which will change the bomb C era to the fossil CO era. New investigations of C variations in the atmosphere-biosphere-hydrosphere compartments represent a great challenge for radiocarbon science, important for better understanding of environmental processes, climate change, and impacts of human activities on the total environment. This new era of radiocarbon research will also need new developments in radiocarbon analytical technologies, as further progress in accuracy and precision of results (<1‰) will be needed to meet the new radiocarbon challenges.
五十五年的放射性碳变化研究综述，重点是更好地了解博胡尼采核电站和化石燃料 CO 对斯洛伐克大气和生物圈的影响。在Žlkovce 监测站，20 世纪 70 年代观察到空气中的 ΔC 水平达到了约 1200‰的最大值，此后，到 2005 年，该水平降至<30‰。由于大气中化石 CO 水平的增加，大气中 ΔC 水平的相对下降也非常显著，例如，在布拉迪斯拉发下降到约-330‰，但到 2005 年，它们仅比欧洲清洁空气标准的 Jungfraujoch 低<50‰。树木年轮数据，平均了斯洛伐克几个站点的年 ΔC 水平，与大气数据以及新建立的位于斯洛伐克中部雅斯纳的清洁空气站相吻合。未来的 C 水平将强烈依赖于大气中的化石 CO 水平，这将使炸弹 C 时代转变为化石 CO 时代。对大气-生物-水圈各部分的 C 变化的新研究是放射性碳科学的一个巨大挑战，对于更好地了解环境过程、气候变化以及人类活动对整个环境的影响非常重要。放射性碳研究的这个新时代还需要放射性碳分析技术的新发展，因为需要进一步提高结果的准确性和精度（<1‰），以应对新的放射性碳挑战。
