Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Clin Pract. 2024 Feb 20;2024:7259200. doi: 10.1155/2024/7259200. eCollection 2024.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) features transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning. The underlying mechanism remains elusive; however, evidence suggests the role of different physical and psychological stressors. We systematically reviewed patients presenting with TCM and autoimmunity to explore the link between the two conditions.
We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) to report this review. Using keywords related to autoimmune/immune-mediated diseases and TCM, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and WOS in March 2022. The final results were added to a data extraction sheet. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 26.0.
Our search yielded 121 studies, including 155 patients. Females were considerably predominant. Most patients had a history of autoimmune disease, and almost a third had a history of cardiovascular disease. Dyspnea and chest pain were the most common chief complaints. More than 70% of patients had experienced physical stress. Myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis were the most frequently reported autoimmune diseases.
There were similarities in age and sex compared to classic TCM. TCM should be considered as a differential diagnosis for ACS, especially in patients with a positive background of autoimmunity. A precise reporting system is required for further studies.
心尖球囊样综合征（TCM）的特征为短暂性左心室心尖部功能障碍或球囊样改变。其潜在机制仍难以捉摸；然而，有证据表明与不同的生理和心理应激因素有关。我们系统地回顾了表现为 TCM 和自身免疫的患者，以探讨这两种情况之间的联系。
我们应用系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）来报告本综述。使用与自身免疫/免疫介导性疾病和 TCM 相关的关键词，我们于 2022 年 3 月在 PubMed、Scopus 和 WOS 中进行了搜索。最终结果被添加到数据提取表中。使用 SPSS 版本 26.0 进行数据分析。
我们的搜索结果产生了 121 项研究，包括 155 名患者。女性明显占多数。大多数患者有自身免疫性疾病史，近三分之一有心血管疾病史。呼吸困难和胸痛是最常见的主要症状。超过 70%的患者经历了身体应激。重症肌无力、系统性红斑狼疮和多发性硬化症是最常报道的自身免疫性疾病。
与经典 TCM 相比，年龄和性别存在相似性。在 ACS 中应考虑 TCM 作为鉴别诊断，特别是在有自身免疫病史阳性的患者中。需要有一个精确的报告系统来进行进一步的研究。
