苏丹首次登革热和基孔肯雅热疫情爆发的挑战和流行病学影响。

Challenges and epidemiological implications of the first outbreak of dengue and chikungunya in Sudan.

机构信息

Department of Integrated Vector Management, White Nile State, Sudan.

Health Emergencies and Epidemic Control, White Nile State, Sudan.

出版信息

East Mediterr Health J. 2024 Jan 21;30(1):53-59. doi: 10.26719/emhj.24.007.

DOI:10.26719/emhj.24.007

PMID:38415336

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dengue and chikungunya are mosquito-borne infections that are spreading rapidly worldwide. The highest burden lies in tropical and subtropical countries. In 2022 Sudan encountered the most widespread infection of both diseases.

AIM

To describe the magnitude of the first outbreak of dengue and chikungunya infections in Tandalti Town, White Nile State, southern part of Sudan.

METHODS

Following the report of a high number of undifferentiated febrile illnesses in 32 health clinics in Tandalti Town, an area with high densities of Aedes aegypti, we collected blood samples from symptomatic suspected cases. The samples were tested for major arboviral infections using arboviral-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IgM capture ELISA), and serologically positive samples were confirmed using commercially available Real Time RT-PCR Kits.

RESULTS

Out of 773 suspected cases, 63 (8.15%) were confirmed. Eleven (17.46%) of the confirmed cases were DENV, 49 (77.77%) were CHIKV, and 3 (4.76%) were DENV and CHIKV co-infections. The outbreak started at the beginning of October and ended by mid December 2022. Both dengue and chikungunya infection was higher (41(65.08%)) among young females than males (22 (34.92%)).

CONCLUSIONS

White Nile State may experience larger outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya in the future, there is, therefore, an urgent need for proper vector control interventions in the state and nearby states.

摘要

背景

登革热和基孔肯雅热是两种通过蚊子传播的感染病，正在全球范围内迅速传播。其负担最重的地区位于热带和亚热带国家。2022 年，苏丹遭遇了这两种疾病最广泛的感染。

目的

描述登革热和基孔肯雅热在苏丹南部白尼罗州的坦达蒂镇首次暴发的规模。

方法

在坦达蒂镇的 32 个卫生诊所报告大量未分化的发热病例后，我们从有埃及伊蚊高密度的症状性疑似病例中采集了血液样本。使用虫媒病毒特异性酶联免疫吸附试验（IgM 捕获 ELISA）对样本进行了主要虫媒病毒感染检测，并用市售的实时 RT-PCR 试剂盒对血清学阳性样本进行了确认。

结果

在 773 例疑似病例中，有 63 例（8.15%）得到了确认。11 例（17.46%）确认为登革热，49 例（77.77%）为基孔肯雅热，3 例（4.76%）为登革热和基孔肯雅热合并感染。疫情于 2022 年 10 月初开始，12 月中旬结束。登革热和基孔肯雅热感染在年轻女性中（41 例（65.08%））高于男性（22 例（34.92%））。