Department of Vector Control, Center for Research, Diagnostic, and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kourí, PAHO-WHO Collaborating Center for Dengue and its Control, Havana, Cuba.
Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Laboratory of Vector Control research, Unit Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity, Les Abymes, France.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Dec 3;14(12):e0008941. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008941. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Like many countries from the Americas, Cuba is threatened by Aedes aegypti-associated arboviruses such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. Curiously, when CHIKV was actively circulating in the region in 2013-2014, no autochthonous transmission of this virus was detected in Havana, Cuba, despite the importation of chikungunya cases into this city. To investigate if the transmission ability of local mosquito populations could explain this epidemiological scenario, we evaluated for the first time the vector competence of two Ae. aegypti populations (Pasteur and Párraga) collected from Havana for dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1), CHIKV, and ZIKV.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Mosquito populations were fed separately using blood containing ZIKV, DENV-1, or CHIKV. Infection, dissemination, and transmission rates, were estimated at 3 (exclusively for CHIKV), 7, and 14 days post exposure (dpe) for each Ae. aegypti population-virus combination. Both mosquito populations were susceptible to DENV-1 and ZIKV, with viral infection and dissemination rates ranging from 24-97% and 6-67% respectively. In addition, CHIKV disseminated in both populations and was subsequently transmitted. Transmission rates were low (<30%) regardless of the mosquito population/virus combination and no ZIKV was detected in saliva of females from the Pasteur population at any dpe.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our study demonstrated the ability of Ae. aegypti from Cuba to transmit DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV. These results, along with the widespread distribution and high abundance of this species in the urban settings throughout the island, highlight the importance of Ae. aegypti control and arbovirus surveillance to prevent future outbreaks.
与许多来自美洲的国家一样，古巴受到埃及伊蚊相关虫媒病毒的威胁，如登革热（DENV）、寨卡（ZIKV）和基孔肯雅热（CHIKV）病毒。奇怪的是，当 2013-2014 年 CHIKV 在该地区活跃传播时，尽管有基孔肯雅热病例输入到这个城市，但古巴哈瓦那并未检测到这种病毒的本地传播。为了研究当地蚊虫种群的传播能力是否可以解释这种流行病学情况，我们首次评估了来自哈瓦那的两个埃及伊蚊种群（Pasteur 和 Párraga）对登革热病毒 1 型（DENV-1）、CHIKV 和 ZIKV 的媒介效能。
方法/主要发现：分别用含有 ZIKV、DENV-1 或 CHIKV 的血液喂养蚊虫种群。在每种埃及伊蚊种群-病毒组合中，在暴露后 3（专门用于 CHIKV）、7 和 14 天，估计了感染、传播和传播率。两个蚊种群均对 DENV-1 和 ZIKV 敏感，病毒感染和传播率分别为 24-97%和 6-67%。此外，CHIKV 在两个种群中传播，并随后传播。传播率很低（<30%），无论蚊子种群/病毒组合如何，在任何暴露后时间点，Pasteur 种群的雌性唾液中均未检测到 ZIKV。
结论/意义：我们的研究表明，来自古巴的埃及伊蚊有能力传播 DENV、ZIKV 和 CHIKV。这些结果以及该物种在全岛城市环境中的广泛分布和高丰度，突出了埃及伊蚊控制和虫媒病毒监测的重要性，以防止未来爆发。
