Kodalle Tim, Byranvand Mahdi Malekshahi, Goudreau Meredith, Das Chittaranjan, Roy Rajarshi, Kot Małgorzata, Briesenick Simon, Zohdi Mohammadreza, Rai Monika, Tamura Nobumichi, Flege Jan Ingo, Hempel Wolfram, Sutter-Fella Carolin M, Saliba Michael
Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA.
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA.
Adv Mater. 2024 Jun;36(24):e2309154. doi: 10.1002/adma.202309154. Epub 2024 Mar 14.
This work introduces a simplified deposition procedure for multidimensional (2D/3D) perovskite thin films, integrating a phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl)-treatment into the antisolvent step when forming the 3D perovskite. This simultaneous deposition and passivation strategy reduces the number of synthesis steps while simultaneously stabilizing the halide perovskite film and improving the photovoltaic performance of resulting solar cell devices to 20.8%. Using a combination of multimodal in situ and additional ex situ characterizations, it is demonstrated that the introduction of PEACl during the perovskite film formation slows down the crystal growth process, which leads to a larger average grain size and narrower grain size distribution, thus reducing carrier recombination at grain boundaries and improving the device's performance and stability. The data suggests that during annealing of the wet film, the PEACl diffuses to the surface of the film, forming hydrophobic (quasi-)2D structures that protect the bulk of the perovskite film from humidity-induced degradation.
这项工作介绍了一种用于多维（2D/3D）钙钛矿薄膜的简化沉积程序，即在形成3D钙钛矿时，将苯乙氯化铵（PEACl）处理整合到反溶剂步骤中。这种同时沉积和钝化策略减少了合成步骤的数量，同时稳定了卤化物钙钛矿薄膜，并将所得太阳能电池器件的光伏性能提高到20.8%。通过结合多模态原位和额外的非原位表征表明，在钙钛矿薄膜形成过程中引入PEACl会减缓晶体生长过程，这导致平均晶粒尺寸更大且晶粒尺寸分布更窄，从而减少了晶界处的载流子复合，提高了器件的性能和稳定性。数据表明，在湿膜退火过程中，PEACl扩散到薄膜表面，形成疏水的（准）2D结构，保护钙钛矿薄膜主体免受湿度引起的降解。
