Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Clinical Futures, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Clinical Futures, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2024 Apr;71(2):127-155. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2023.12.003. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Screening for autism is recommended in pediatric primary care. However, the median age of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis is substantially higher than the age at which autism can reliably be identified, suggesting room for improvements in autism recognition at young ages, especially for children from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, low-income families, and families who prefer a language other than English. Novel approaches are being developed to utilize new technologies in aiding in autism recognition. However, attention to equity is needed to minimize bias. Additional research on the benefits and potential harms of universal autism screening is needed. The authors provide suggestions for pediatricians who are considering implementing autism-screening programs.
自闭症筛查在儿科初级保健中被推荐。然而，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的诊断中位年龄明显高于能够可靠识别自闭症的年龄，这表明在幼儿时期自闭症的识别仍有改进空间，尤其是对于少数族裔和少数民族群体、低收入家庭以及偏好非英语语言的家庭的儿童。目前正在开发新方法来利用新技术辅助识别自闭症。然而，需要关注公平性以最小化偏见。还需要进一步研究普遍自闭症筛查的益处和潜在危害。作者为考虑实施自闭症筛查计划的儿科医生提供了建议。
