是“厄尔尼诺”还是“拉尼娜”？：拉丁裔婴儿喂养方式与肥胖风险的性别差异

Es Niño o Niña?: Gender Differences in Feeding Practices and Obesity Risk among Latino Infants.

作者信息

Dharod Jigna M, Black Maureen M, McElhenny Kristen, Labban Jeffrey D, DeJesus Jasmine M

机构信息

Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States.

RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.

出版信息

Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Feb 9;8(3):102100. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102100. eCollection 2024 Mar.

DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102100

PMID:38425439

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10904161/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Obesity prevalence is significantly higher among Latino boys than girls. Weight status at 12 mo, a significant predictor of childhood obesity, is associated with feeding practices during infancy.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives were to examine breastfeeding and formula-feeding practices overall and by infant gender and to examine relations among infant gender, milk-feeding practices, and obesity risk among Latino infants over the first year of life.

METHODS

Latino mother-infant dyads ( = 90) were recruited from a pediatric clinic. Mothers were interviewed at regular intervals (infants aged 2, 4, 6, and 9 mo), and 24-h feeding recalls were conducted when infants were aged 6 and 9 mo. Infants' lengths and weights were retrieved from clinic records to calculate weight-for-length percentiles. A bivariate analysis was conducted to compare feeding practices by gender and mediation analysis to test whether feeding practices mediated the relation between gender and obesity risk.

RESULTS

The majority (80%) of mothers were born outside the United States. In early infancy, mixed feeding of formula and breastfeeding was common. At 6 and 9 mo of age, milk-feeding practices differed, with formula feeding more common for boys than girls. At 12 mo, 38% of infants experienced obesity risk (≥85th weight-for-length percentile). Infants' obesity risk increased by 18% per 1 oz increase in powdered formula intake. Formula intake among boys was on average 1.42 oz (in dry weight) higher than that among girls, which, in turn, mediated their increased obesity risk (IE = 1.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.90).

CONCLUSIONS

The increased obesity risk among Latino boys compared with girls at 12 mo was explained by higher rates of formula feeding at 6 and 9 mo of age. Future investigations of cultural values and beliefs in gender-related feeding practices are warranted to understand the differences in obesity risk between Latino boys and girls.

摘要

背景

拉丁裔男孩的肥胖患病率显著高于女孩。12个月时的体重状况是儿童肥胖的重要预测指标，与婴儿期的喂养方式有关。

目的

本研究旨在总体上以及按婴儿性别考察母乳喂养和配方奶喂养方式，并考察拉丁裔婴儿出生后第一年中婴儿性别、奶类喂养方式与肥胖风险之间的关系。

方法

从一家儿科诊所招募了90对拉丁裔母婴二元组。母亲们在不同时间点（婴儿2、4、6和9个月大时）接受访谈，并在婴儿6个月和9个月大时进行24小时喂养回顾。从诊所记录中获取婴儿的身长和体重，以计算身长体重百分比。进行双变量分析以比较不同性别的喂养方式，并进行中介分析以检验喂养方式是否介导了性别与肥胖风险之间的关系。

结果

大多数（80%）母亲出生在美国境外。在婴儿早期，配方奶和母乳喂养混合的情况很常见。在6个月和9个月大时，奶类喂养方式有所不同，男孩比女孩更常采用配方奶喂养。在12个月时，38% 的婴儿面临肥胖风险（身长体重百分比≥第85百分位）。婴儿每增加1盎司配方奶粉摄入量，肥胖风险增加18%。男孩的配方奶粉摄入量平均比女孩高1.42盎司（干重），这反过来介导了他们更高的肥胖风险（间接效应 = 1.27，95%置信区间：1.02, 1.90）。