Carrillo Heredero Alicia Maria, Sabbioni Alberto, Asti Vittoria, Ablondi Michela, Summer Andrea, Bertini Simone
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Feb 15;11:1236476. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1236476. eCollection 2024.
The Bardigiano horse is a traditional native Italian breed with a rich history and peculiar characteristics. Local breeds are proven to have unique genetic traits developed over generations to adapt to defined geographical regions and/or conditions. The specific microbial communities that coexist within these animals are unraveled by studying their microbiota, which permits a further step in the characterization of local heritage. This work aimed to characterize Bardigiano horse fecal microbiota composition. The data obtained were then compared with published data of a mix of athlete breeds to evaluate potential differences among local and specialized breeds. The study involved 11 Bardigiano mares between 3 and 4 years of age, from which stool was sampled for the study. Samples were processed for 16S rRNA sequencing. Data obtained were analyzed and plotted using R, RStudio, and FastTree software. The samples analyzed were similar to what literature has reported on horses of other breeds and attitudes at higher taxonomic levels (from phylum to genera). While at lower taxonomic levels, the difference was more marked highlighting specific families found in the Bardigiano breed only. Weight, province of origin, and breeding sites significantly affected microbiota composition (-value ≤0.02, -value ≤0.04, and -value ≤0.05, respectively). The comparison with athlete breed showed a significant difference confirming that animal and environmental factors are crucial in determining fecal microbiota composition (-value <0.001). Understanding the microbiota composition in local breeds like the Bardigiano horse is crucial for preserving biodiversity, managing animal health, and promoting sustainable farming practices.
巴尔迪贾诺马是一种传统的意大利本土马种，拥有丰富的历史和独特的特征。事实证明，地方品种具有经过多代发展而来的独特遗传特性，以适应特定的地理区域和/或条件。通过研究这些动物体内共存的特定微生物群落，即对其微生物群进行研究，可以进一步了解地方遗产的特征。这项工作旨在表征巴尔迪贾诺马粪便微生物群的组成。然后将获得的数据与已发表的运动员马种混合数据进行比较，以评估地方品种和专门品种之间的潜在差异。该研究涉及11匹年龄在3至4岁之间的巴尔迪贾诺母马，从中采集粪便样本进行研究。样本经过处理后进行16S rRNA测序。使用R、RStudio和FastTree软件对获得的数据进行分析和绘图。在较高的分类水平（从门到属）上，分析的样本与文献中报道的其他品种和用途的马相似。而在较低的分类水平上，差异更为明显，突出显示了仅在巴尔迪贾诺品种中发现的特定科。体重、原产地省份和饲养地点对微生物群组成有显著影响（P值分别≤0.02、≤0.04和≤0.05）。与运动员马种的比较显示出显著差异，证实动物和环境因素在决定粪便微生物群组成方面至关重要（P值<0.001）。了解像巴尔迪贾诺马这样的地方品种的微生物群组成对于保护生物多样性、管理动物健康和促进可持续养殖实践至关重要。
