Kurkuri Shweta Neminath, Subramanian Mangala
Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2024 Jan-Feb;49(1):104-109. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_42_23. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Immunization is a cost-effective weapon against vaccine preventable diseases. Children of migrant workers suffer from lack of immunization because of frequent shift of places, poor knowledge, and low socioeconomic status. To assess the immunization status of children 12-36 months of age of migrant workers and factors associated it. To identify the reasons for non-immunization or partial immunization among these children.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 migrant workers' children aged 12-36 months residing in Urban Bangalore east from February 2019 to August 2020. A cluster sampling method was incorporated. The data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Epi-info™ Version 7.2.1 and SPSS version-21. Data were summarized in percentages, mean, standard deviation, and logistic regression.
The mean age of the children was 25.2340 ± 8.42 months. Out of 500 children, 88.60% were fully immunized, 11.40% were partially immunized, and no child was unimmunized. Significant predictors of immunization status of children were education of father and immunization card. Common reasons for dropout were inconvenient time (80.70%), unaware of need (77.19%), and busy schedule of parents (75.44%). The dropout rate of BCG to MR-1, Penta-1 to Penta-3, and Penta1to MR-1 was 6.49%, 0.85%, and 2.12%, respectively.
Immunization coverage in the present study was 88.60%. Inconvenient time was the main reason behind partial immunization.
免疫接种是预防疫苗可预防疾病的一种具有成本效益的手段。农民工子女由于经常更换居住地点、知识匮乏以及社会经济地位较低，免疫接种情况较差。旨在评估12至36月龄农民工子女的免疫接种状况及其相关因素。确定这些儿童未接种或部分接种疫苗的原因。
2019年2月至2020年8月，对居住在班加罗尔东部城市的500名12至36月龄农民工子女进行了一项横断面研究。采用整群抽样方法。使用预先测试的半结构化问卷收集数据。使用Epi-info™ 7.2.1版和SPSS 21版进行数据分析。数据以百分比、均值、标准差和逻辑回归进行汇总。
儿童的平均年龄为25.2340 ± 8.42个月。在500名儿童中，88.60%的儿童完全接种了疫苗，11.40%的儿童部分接种了疫苗，没有儿童未接种疫苗。儿童免疫接种状况的显著预测因素是父亲的教育程度和免疫接种卡。疫苗接种中断的常见原因是时间不方便（80.70%）、未意识到必要性（77.19%）和父母日程繁忙（75.44%）。卡介苗至麻疹-1、五联疫苗-1至五联疫苗-3以及五联疫苗-1至麻疹-1的接种中断率分别为6.49%、0.85%和2.12%。
本研究中的免疫接种覆盖率为88.60%。时间不方便是部分接种疫苗背后的主要原因。
