Child Health And Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro Sweden.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 1;19(3):e0299225. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299225. eCollection 2024.
In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to I) investigate the dual-factor model of mental health by forming and describing four participant groups and II) examine associations between mental health status and background factors, school-related factors, stress, and resilience among adolescents in a community population in Sweden. Data were collected through a survey completed by 2,208 students in lower and upper secondary school on the Swedish island of Gotland. After missing data were removed, a total of 1,833 participants were included in the study. The survey included the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) for the assessment of mental well-being and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for the assessment of mental health problems. These two measures were combined into a dual-factor model, forming four mental health status subgroups: Vulnerable (47.5%), Complete mental health (36.2%), Troubled (13.9%), and Symptomatic but content (2.5%). Associations between these groups were explored regarding background factors, school-related factors, stress, and resilience through chi-squared tests and logistic regressions. Girls (OR: 1.88) and participants with high stress levels (OR: 2.23) had elevated odds for Vulnerable mental health status, whereas higher resilience (OR: 0.87) and subjective social status in school (OR: 0.76) were factors associated with reduced odds for this mental health status classification. Female gender (OR: 5.02) was also associated with Troubled mental health status. Similarly, a high level of stress (ORs: 4.08 and 11.36) was associated with Symptomatic but content and Troubled mental health status, and participants with higher levels of resilience had decreased odds for being classified into these groups (ORs: 0.88 and 0.81). The findings highlight the importance of interventions to increase resilience, reduce stress, and address stereotypic gender norms as well as social status hierarchies to support adolescents' mental health.
在这项横断面研究中，我们旨在：I）通过形成和描述四个参与者群体来研究心理健康的双重因素模型；II）检查心理健康状况与背景因素、学校相关因素、压力和韧性之间的关联，研究对象为瑞典哥特兰岛社区人群中的青少年。数据通过对瑞典哥特兰岛 2208 名初中生和高中生进行的一项调查收集。在删除缺失数据后，共有 1833 名参与者纳入研究。该调查包括用于评估心理健康的心理健康连续体简明量表（MHC-SF）和用于评估心理健康问题的长处和困难问卷（SDQ）。这两个测量工具被组合成一个双重因素模型，形成四个心理健康状况亚组：脆弱（47.5%）、完全心理健康（36.2%）、困扰（13.9%）和症状但满意（2.5%）。通过卡方检验和逻辑回归，探讨了这些组之间与背景因素、学校相关因素、压力和韧性相关的关联。女孩（OR：1.88）和压力水平较高的参与者（OR：2.23）具有脆弱心理健康状况的高几率，而较高的韧性（OR：0.87）和学校中的主观社会地位（OR：0.76）是与这种心理健康状况分类的几率降低相关的因素。女性性别（OR：5.02）也与困扰心理健康状况相关。同样，高压力水平（ORs：4.08 和 11.36）与症状但满意和困扰心理健康状况相关，而具有较高韧性水平的参与者被归类为这些组的几率降低（ORs：0.88 和 0.81）。这些发现强调了干预措施的重要性，以增加韧性、减少压力、解决刻板的性别规范以及社会地位等级制度，以支持青少年的心理健康。
