Šambaras Rokas, Butvilaitė Agnė, Andruškevič Justina, Istomina Natalja, Lesinskienė Sigita
Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Children (Basel). 2024 Aug 3;11(8):939. doi: 10.3390/children11080939.
Over the last 10 years, a noticeable deterioration in mental health has affected adolescents' lives.
This study was conducted in 12 secondary schools and 14 high schools located in different cities across Lithuania from October to December 2023. The survey included students aged 12 to 17 years. The adolescents filled out a questionnaire about the need for outside help, friendships, and well-being at school and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The goal of our study was to analyze the risk factors that influence adolescents' psycho-emotional state.
A total of 4124 students were involved in this study, with a mean age of 14.48 ± 1.15 years. The sample consisted of 50.9% males and 49.1% females. The boys showed a statistically significantly lower total difficulty score on the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ TDS) and internalizing score (IS) than the girls (12.45 ± 5.39 vs. 14.93 ± 5.76; 5.39 ± 3.30 vs. 7.49 ± 3.64, < 0.001). Also, the SDQ TDS, IS, and externalizing score (ES) were statistically significantly lower in the group of adolescents who lived with both parents (13.50 ± 5.69 vs. 14.76 ± 5.72; 6.32 ± 3.61 vs. 6.98 ± 3.65; 7.18 ± 3.23 vs. 7.78 ± 3.35, < 0.001). Linear regression analysis of the SDQ TDS (R = 0.406) indicated a significant impact on the feeling of safety at schools (β = -0.173, < 0.001) and loneliness (β = 0.314, < 0.001). Linear regression of the SDQ IS (R = 0.469) showed that there was a significant predictor effect of bullying (β = 0.170, < 0.001) and loneliness (β = 0.345, < 0.001). However, the linear regression of the SDQ ES (R = 0.256) showed that there was a significant predictor effect of the feeling of teacher care (β = -0.163, < 0.001) and loneliness (β = 0.166, < 0.001). We determined that gender (OR = 2.30) and loneliness (OR = 1.77) were the most significant factors associated with adolescents seeking help.
It is crucial to determine specific risk factors and particular groups of teenagers who need psycho-emotional support the most. The findings of this study may offer valuable insights for advancing additional prevention or support programs aimed at adolescents within higher-risk groups.
在过去十年中，心理健康状况的显著恶化影响了青少年的生活。
本研究于2023年10月至12月在立陶宛不同城市的12所中学和14所高中进行。调查对象为12至17岁的学生。青少年填写了一份关于校外帮助需求、友谊、学校幸福感的问卷以及长处与困难问卷。我们研究的目的是分析影响青少年心理情绪状态的风险因素。
共有4124名学生参与了本研究，平均年龄为14.48±1.15岁。样本中男性占50.9%，女性占49.1%。男孩在长处与困难问卷（SDQ TDS）上的总困难得分和内化得分在统计学上显著低于女孩（分别为12.45±5.39与14.93±5.76；5.39±3.30与7.49±3.64，P<0.001）。此外，与父母双方同住的青少年组在SDQ TDS、内化得分和外化得分方面在统计学上也显著更低（分别为13.50±5.69与14.76±5.72；6.32±3.61与6.98±3.65；7.18±3.23与7.78±3.35，P<0.001）。对SDQ TDS进行线性回归分析（R = 0.406）表明，学校安全感（β = -0.173，P<0.001）和孤独感（β = 0.314，P<0.001）对其有显著影响。对SDQ内化得分进行线性回归（R = 0.469）显示，欺凌行为（β = 0.170，P<0.001）和孤独感（β = 0.345，P<0.001）有显著预测作用。然而，对SDQ外化得分进行线性回归（R = 0.256）显示，教师关怀感（β = -0.163，P<0.001）和孤独感（β = 0.166，P<0.001）有显著预测作用。我们确定性别（OR = 2.30）和孤独感（OR = 1.77）是与青少年寻求帮助最相关的显著因素。
确定特定的风险因素以及最需要心理情绪支持的特定青少年群体至关重要。本研究结果可为推进针对高风险群体青少年的额外预防或支持项目提供有价值的见解。
