Wang Xiaowen, Chen Mingyue, Chen Nanxu
School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 22;10(5):e26686. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26686. eCollection 2024 Mar 15.
To investigate how artificial intelligence (AI) affects the structure of labour force employment, we integrate robotics adoption and employment into this study's model. Based on Chinese provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019, fixed, mediating and threshold effects models and a spatial heterogeneity model were used to empirically test the impact of AI on the employment structure from the perspective of industrial structure optimisation and its mechanisms of action. The findings demonstrate that the impact of AI on the labour force employment structure reflects unique characteristics for China and promotes the advancement of the nation's employment structure. The influence of AI on the labour force employment structure follows a non-linear pattern, fostering labour force employment structure optimisation and upgrading from the perspective of industrial structure optimisation. Further investigation reveals the influence of spatial spillover effects from AI on employment structure optimisation. These research findings have theoretical value and practical significance for optimising China's employment structure in the context of AI.
为研究人工智能（AI）如何影响劳动力就业结构，我们将机器人采用率和就业情况纳入本研究模型。基于2010年至2019年中国省级面板数据，运用固定效应、中介效应和门槛效应模型以及空间异质性模型，从产业结构优化视角实证检验人工智能对就业结构的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明，人工智能对劳动力就业结构的影响体现了中国的独特特征，并推动了国家就业结构的进步。人工智能对劳动力就业结构的影响呈非线性模式，从产业结构优化视角促进劳动力就业结构的优化升级。进一步研究揭示了人工智能对就业结构优化的空间溢出效应影响。这些研究结果对于在人工智能背景下优化中国就业结构具有理论价值和现实意义。
