Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Genes Genomics. 2024 Apr;46(4):451-459. doi: 10.1007/s13258-024-01501-1. Epub 2024 Mar 4.
The Arabidopsis DA1 gene is a key player in the regulation of organ and seed development. To extend our understanding of its functional counterparts in rice, this study investigates the roles of orthologous genes, namely DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and the DA2 ortholog GW2, through the analysis of T-DNA insertion mutants.
The aim of this research is to elucidate the impact of T-DNA insertions in DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and GW2 on agronomic traits in rice. By evaluating homozygous plants, we specifically focus on key parameters such as plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size.
T-DNA insertion locations were validated using PCR, and subsequent analyses were conducted on homozygous plants. Agronomic traits, including plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size, were assessed. Additionally, leaf senescence assays were performed under dark incubation conditions to gauge the impact of T-DNA insertions on this physiological aspect.
The study revealed distinctive phenotypic outcomes associated with T-DNA insertions in HDR3, HDR3.1, GW2, and DA1. Specifically, HDR3 and HDR3.1 mutants exhibited significantly reduced plant height and smaller grain size, while GW2 and DA1 mutants displayed a notable increase in both plant height and grain size compared to the wild type variety Dongjin. Leaf senescence assays further indicated delayed leaf senescence in hdr3.1 mutants, contrasting with slightly earlier leaf senescence observed in hdr3 mutants under dark incubation.
The findings underscore the pivotal roles of DA1 orthologous genes in rice, shedding light on their significance in regulating plant growth and development. The observed phenotypic variations highlight the potential of these genes as targets for crop improvement strategies, offering insights that could contribute to the enhancement of agronomic traits in rice and potentially other crops.
拟南芥 DA1 基因是调控器官和种子发育的关键因子。为了拓展我们对其在水稻中的功能同源物的认识，本研究通过 T-DNA 插入突变体分析，研究了同源基因 DA1、HDR3、HDR3.1 和 DA2 同源物 GW2 的作用。
本研究旨在阐明 DA1、HDR3、HDR3.1 和 GW2 中的 T-DNA 插入对水稻农艺性状的影响。通过评估纯合子植株，我们特别关注株高、分蘖数、抽穗期和粒长等关键参数。
使用 PCR 验证 T-DNA 插入位置，然后对纯合子植株进行后续分析。评估农艺性状，包括株高、分蘖数、抽穗期和粒长。此外，在黑暗孵育条件下进行叶片衰老测定，以评估 T-DNA 插入对这一生理方面的影响。
研究揭示了 HDR3、HDR3.1、GW2 和 DA1 中 T-DNA 插入的独特表型结果。具体而言，HDR3 和 HDR3.1 突变体表现出显著降低的株高和较小的粒长，而 GW2 和 DA1 突变体与野生型 Dongjin 相比，株高和粒长均显著增加。叶片衰老测定进一步表明，hdr3.1 突变体的叶片衰老延迟，而在黑暗孵育下，hdr3 突变体的叶片衰老略有提前。
这些发现强调了 DA1 同源基因在水稻中的关键作用，揭示了它们在调控植物生长和发育中的重要性。观察到的表型变异突出了这些基因作为作物改良策略目标的潜力，为提高水稻和可能其他作物的农艺性状提供了见解。
