Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Family Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El Horeya Avenue, 21561, Alexandria, Egypt.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Mar 4;24(1):289. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12044-9.
Prostate cancer screening is a crucial preventive element for improving the survival rates of prostate cancer. Therefore, our research objective was to investigate the effect of health belief model-based education on prostate cancer knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive health practices among adult and older adult males.
A one-group pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental study design was carried out at the one-day outpatient clinics affiliated to General Alexandria Main University Hospital. We enrolled 110 men aged 45-75 years old in a health belief model-based educational intervention program. Various questionnaires were utilized to gather data before, immediately after, and three months following the intervention. These questionnaires included the socio-demographic questionnaire, Prostate Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire (PCKQ), Prostate Cancer Screening-Health Belief Model Scale (HBM-PCS), Prostate Cancer Preventive Practices Questionnaire (PCPPQ), and one question regarding the intention to undergo PC screening.
Participants' knowledge about prostate cancer screening improved significantly immediately after the program and this positive change was maintained at the follow-up (p = 0.000). Furthermore, participants' perceptions and preventive practices towards prostate cancer screening had changed significantly after program completion and at follow-up (p = 0.000). After program completion, many of the participants (92.7%) expressed their intention to undergo prostate cancer screening within the coming six months (p = 0.000). The younger age group (45-49 years) showed higher scores in their perception of prostate screening (p = 0.001). Higher education and income were significantly associated with higher scores in the three scales (p = 0.000 in all scales).
The study findings emphasized the effectiveness of the designed health educational program based on the HBM on PC preventive behaviors, through significantly improving participants' knowledge level, perceptions, practices, and intentions to PC screening. The program is highly recommended for prostate cancer preventive health practices among both adult and older adult males.
前列腺癌筛查是提高前列腺癌生存率的重要预防措施。因此，我们的研究目的是调查基于健康信念模式的教育对成年和老年男性前列腺癌知识、健康信念和预防保健实践的影响。
采用单组前测-后测准实验设计，在亚历山大总医院为期一天的门诊诊所进行。我们招募了 110 名年龄在 45-75 岁之间的男性，参加基于健康信念模式的教育干预计划。在干预前、干预后立即和干预后三个月使用各种问卷收集数据。这些问卷包括社会人口学问卷、前列腺癌知识问卷（PCKQ）、前列腺癌筛查-健康信念模型量表（HBM-PCS）、前列腺癌预防实践问卷（PCPPQ）和一个关于进行 PC 筛查的意愿的问题。
参与者对前列腺癌筛查的知识在方案实施后立即显著提高，这种积极的变化在随访时仍然存在（p=0.000）。此外，参与者对前列腺癌筛查的看法和预防实践在方案完成后和随访时都发生了显著变化（p=0.000）。方案完成后，许多参与者（92.7%）表示在未来六个月内进行前列腺癌筛查的意愿（p=0.000）。年龄较小的组（45-49 岁）在前列腺筛查的认知方面得分较高（p=0.001）。较高的教育和收入与三个量表的较高得分显著相关（所有量表均为 p=0.000）。
研究结果强调了基于 HBM 的设计健康教育方案对 PC 预防行为的有效性，通过显著提高参与者的知识水平、认知、实践和对 PC 筛查的意愿。该方案强烈推荐用于成年和老年男性的前列腺癌预防保健实践。
