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加纳临床队列中春季角结膜炎的患病率及危险因素:一项病例对照研究。

Prevalence and risk factors of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis among a Ghanaian clinical cohort: A case-control study.

作者信息

Kyei Samuel, Nkansah Mary, Asiedu Kofi, Asiamah Randy, Zaabaar Ebenezer, Afrifa-Yamoah Ebenezer

机构信息

Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana.

Biomedical and Clinical Research Center, College of Health and Allied Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana.

出版信息

Health Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 4;7(3):e1957. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1957. eCollection 2024 Mar.

DOI:10.1002/hsr2.1957
PMID:38440260
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10910620/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) has been determined to be highly prevalent in countries within the tropical climate region. However, little evidence from studies conducted within this region has been put forward to support this claim.

AIM

To determine the prevalence and risk factors of VKC among a Ghanaian clinical cohort.

METHODS

A 3-year case-control study was conducted in a tertiary eye care institution, and medical records of patients who had been diagnosed of VKC between 2018 and 2021 were reviewed.

RESULTS

Medical records of 3800 patients were reviewed. Some cases of VKC were identified, with a population prevalence rate of . Males comprised of the population with VKC, with a male-to-female ratio of . The disease was more prevalent (40.8%) in children (17 years), and the overall odds of incidence decreased by 10% for a unit increase in age. Age and sex-adjusted models revealed significant positive associations between Keratoconus [aOR = 40.760, 95% CI -5.948 to 339.937], Rhinitis [cOR = 5.183, 95% CI -2.074 to 12.022] and VKC. However, the incidence of VKC was relatively less expressive among pterygium cases [cOR = 0.315, 95% CI -0.077 to 0.846].

CONCLUSION

VKC is highly prevalent among children and is often associated with comorbidities of atopic origin that exacerbate the impact of the disease among this vulnerable population. It is imperative that clinicians provide holistic care for children with VKC.

摘要

背景

春季角结膜炎(VKC)在热带气候地区国家被认定为高度流行。然而,该地区开展的研究几乎没有提供证据支持这一说法。

目的

确定加纳临床队列中VKC的患病率及危险因素。

方法

在一家三级眼科护理机构进行了一项为期3年的病例对照研究,并回顾了2018年至2021年间被诊断为VKC的患者的病历。

结果

共查阅了3800例患者的病历。确定了一些VKC病例,人群患病率为 。男性占VKC患者群体的 ,男女比例为 。该疾病在儿童(17岁)中更为普遍(40.8%),年龄每增加一个单位,发病的总体几率下降10%。年龄和性别调整模型显示圆锥角膜[aOR = 40.760,95% CI -5.948至339.937]、鼻炎[cOR = 5.183,95% CI -2.074至12.022]与VKC之间存在显著正相关。然而,在翼状胬肉病例中VKC的发病率相对较低[cOR = 0.315,95% CI -0.077至0.846]。

结论

VKC在儿童中高度流行,且常与特应性起源的合并症相关,这加剧了该疾病对这一脆弱人群的影响。临床医生必须为患有VKC的儿童提供全面护理。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e15e/10910620/8a9ef55bf409/HSR2-7-e1957-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e15e/10910620/8a9ef55bf409/HSR2-7-e1957-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e15e/10910620/8a9ef55bf409/HSR2-7-e1957-g001.jpg

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