Li Huai, Song Aiwen, Qiu Ling, Liang Shen, Chi Zifang
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Feb 21;15:1354279. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1354279. eCollection 2024.
The over-utilizing of nitrogen fertilizers in paddy wetlands potentially threatens to the surrounding waterbody, and a deep understanding of the community and function of microorganisms is crucial for paddy non-point source pollution control. In this study, top soil samples (0-15 cm) of paddy wetlands under groundwater's irrigation at different depths (H1: 6.8 m, H2: 13.7 m, H3: 14.8 m, H4: 15.6 m, H5: 17.0 m, and H6: 17.8 m) were collected to investigate microbial community and function differences and their interrelation with soil properties. Results suggested some soil factor differences for groundwater's irrigation at different depths. Deep-groundwater's irrigation (H2-H6) was beneficial to the accumulation of various electron acceptors. Nitrifying-bacteria had high abundance under deep groundwater irrigation, which was consistent with its diverse metabolic capacity. Meanwhile, denitrifying bacteria had diverse distribution patterns. Iron-reducing bacteria was abundant in H1, and was abundant under deep groundwater irrigation; both species could participate in Fe-anammox. Furthermore, could perform dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia using divalent iron and provide substrate supply for anammox. and had good chromium- and vanadium-reducting potentials and could promote the occurrence of anammox. Low abundances of methanotrophs and were associated with the relatively anoxic environment of paddy wetlands, and the presence of aerobic methane oxidation was favorable for methane abatement. Moisture, pH, and TP had crucial effects on microbial community under phylum- and genus-levels. Microorganisms under shallow groundwater irrigation were highly sensitive to environmental changes, and Fe-anammox, nitrification, and methane oxidation were favorable under deep groundwater irrigation. This study highlights the importance of comprehensively revealing the microbial community and function of paddy wetlands under groundwater's irrigation and reveals the underlying function of indigenous microorganisms in agricultural non-point pollution control and greenhouse gas abatement.
稻田湿地中氮肥的过度使用可能会对周边水体构成威胁，深入了解微生物群落及其功能对于控制稻田面源污染至关重要。在本研究中，采集了不同深度（H1：6.8米，H2：13.7米，H3：14.8米，H4：15.6米，H5：17.0米，H6：17.8米）地下水灌溉下的稻田湿地表层土壤样本（0 - 15厘米），以研究微生物群落和功能差异及其与土壤性质的相互关系。结果表明，不同深度地下水灌溉下存在一些土壤因子差异。深层地下水灌溉（H2 - H6）有利于各种电子受体的积累。在深层地下水灌溉下硝化细菌丰度较高，这与其多样的代谢能力一致。同时，反硝化细菌具有多样的分布模式。铁还原细菌在H1中丰富，在深层地下水灌溉下也很丰富；这两种细菌都可参与铁氨氧化。此外，[具体细菌名称]可以利用二价铁进行异化硝酸盐还原为氨，并为氨氧化提供底物供应。[具体细菌名称]和[具体细菌名称]具有良好的铬和钒还原潜力，可促进氨氧化的发生。甲烷氧化菌[具体细菌名称]和[具体细菌名称]丰度较低与稻田湿地相对缺氧的环境有关，好氧甲烷氧化的存在有利于甲烷减排。水分、pH值和总磷在门和属水平上对微生物群落有关键影响。浅层地下水灌溉下的微生物对环境变化高度敏感，而深层地下水灌溉有利于铁氨氧化、硝化作用和甲烷氧化。本研究强调了全面揭示地下水灌溉下稻田湿地微生物群落和功能的重要性，并揭示了本土微生物在农业面源污染控制和温室气体减排中的潜在作用。
