Yang Shuhong, Yang Shuhao, Luo Aiyue
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10487 National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Rev Environ Health. 2024 Mar 8;40(1):97-114. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0159. Print 2025 Mar 26.
Humans are ubiquitously exposed to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals such as phthalates. Phthalates can migrate out of products and enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, or dermal application, can have potential estrogenic/antiestrogenic and/or androgenic/antiandrogenic activity, and are involved in many diseases. As a female reproductive organ that is regulated by hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and androgen, the uterus can develop several disorders such as leiomyoma, endometriosis and abnormal bleeding. In this review, we summarize the hormone-like activities of phthalates, studies of endometrial cells exposed to phthalates, epigenetic modifications in the uterus induced by phthalate exposure, and associations between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders such as leiomyoma and endometriosis. Moreover, we also discuss the current research gaps in understanding the relationship between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders.
人类普遍暴露于环境内分泌干扰化学物质，如邻苯二甲酸盐。邻苯二甲酸盐可从产品中迁移出来，通过摄入、吸入或皮肤接触进入人体，具有潜在的雌激素/抗雌激素和/或雄激素/抗雄激素活性，并与多种疾病有关。作为受雌激素、孕酮和雄激素等激素调节的女性生殖器官，子宫会出现多种疾病，如平滑肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症和异常出血。在本综述中，我们总结了邻苯二甲酸盐的激素样活性、暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐的子宫内膜细胞的研究、邻苯二甲酸盐暴露诱导的子宫表观遗传修饰，以及邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与平滑肌瘤和子宫内膜异位症等子宫疾病之间的关联。此外，我们还讨论了目前在理解邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与子宫疾病关系方面的研究空白。
