Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200336, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Apr 15;347:123690. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123690. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
As novel contaminants, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) have been of great concern in the past several years. Shanghai was one of the provinces with the largest chlorinated paraffins (CPs) emission in China; nevertheless, there is currently little information on the human exposure to SCCPs and MCCPs, particularly MCCPs. In this study, 25 breast milk samples were collected in Shanghai from 2016 to 2017. The concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs were determined using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC × GC-orbitrap-HRMS) to investigate their characteristics and assess the associated health risks for breast-fed infants. Compared with the previous studies in other areas, the current study presented the higher CPs concentrations, with median concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs up to 771 and 125 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively. The exposure profiles of the CPs were characterized by C and Cl as the predominant congeners of SCCPs, while C and Cl were identified as the dominant groups of MCCPs. CP-42 and CP-52 were identified as potential sources of CPs found in breast milk samples collected in Shanghai. The concentrations of MCCPs exhibited a positive correlation (p value < 0.05) with the dietary consumption of meat and poultry. No significant positive correlations were observed for SCCPs and MCCPs with polychlorinated dibenzodioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) congeners. A preliminary exposure assessment showed that SCCPs in breast milk potentially posed high risks to the breast-fed infants in Shanghai.
作为新型污染物，短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs）和中链氯化石蜡（MCCPs）在过去几年中引起了极大关注。上海是中国氯化石蜡（CPs）排放量最大的省份之一；然而，目前关于人类接触 SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的信息，特别是 MCCPs 的信息很少。在这项研究中，于 2016 年至 2017 年在上海采集了 25 份母乳样本。使用二维气相色谱-轨道阱高分辨率质谱联用（GC×GC-轨道阱 HRMS）来测定 SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的浓度，以研究其特征并评估其对母乳喂养婴儿的相关健康风险。与其他地区的先前研究相比，本研究呈现出更高的 CPs 浓度，SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的中位数浓度分别高达 771 和 125ng/g 脂质重量（lw）。CPs 的暴露特征以 C 和 Cl 作为 SCCPs 的主要同系物，而 C 和 Cl 则被确定为 MCCPs 的主要群体。CP-42 和 CP-52 被确定为上海母乳样本中 CPs 的潜在来源。MCCPs 的浓度与肉类和家禽的饮食消费呈正相关（p 值<0.05）。SCCPs 和 MCCPs 与多氯二苯并二恶英/呋喃（PCDD/Fs）同系物之间没有观察到显著的正相关关系。初步暴露评估表明，母乳中的 SCCPs 对上海的母乳喂养婴儿可能构成高风险。
