Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India; ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute (ATARI) Kolkata, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700097, West Bengal, India.
School of Agriculture, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, 700121, West Bengal, India.
Chemosphere. 2024 Apr;353:141645. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141645. Epub 2024 Mar 6.
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity has cropped up as an important menace in the soil-plant system. The use of industrial by-products to immobilise Cd in situ in polluted soils is an interesting remediation strategy. In the current investigation, two immobilizing amendments of Cd viz., Limestone (traditionally used) and Yellow gypsum (industrial by-product) have been used through a green-house pot culture experiment. Soil samples were collected from four locations based on four graded levels of DTPA extractable Cd as Site 1 (0.43 mg kg), Site 2 (0.92 mg kg), Site 3 (1.77 mg kg) and Site 4 (4.48 mg kg). The experiment was laid out in a thrice replicated Factorial Complete Randomized Design, with one factor as limestone (0, 250, 500 mg kg) and the other being yellow gypsum (0, 250, 500 mg kg) on the collected soils and groundnut was grown as a test crop. Results revealed that the DTPA-extractable Cd content in soil and Cd concentration in plants decreased significantly with the increasing doses of amendments irrespective of initial soil available Cd and types of amendment used. The effect of amendment was soil specific and in case of Site 1 (low initial Cd) the effect was more prominent. The reduction in DTPA-extractable Cd in combined application of limestone and yellow gypsum @500 mg kg over the absolute control in soil under groundnut for the sites was by far the highest with the values of 83.72%, 77.17%, 48.59% and 40.63% respectively. With the combined application, Target Cancer Risk (TCR) of Cd was also reduced. Hence, combined application of limestone and yellow gypsum can be beneficial in the long run for mitigating Cd pollution.
镉（Cd）毒性已成为土壤-植物系统中的一个重要威胁。利用工业副产品原位固定污染土壤中的 Cd 是一种很有前途的修复策略。在当前的研究中，使用了两种固定 Cd 的改良剂，即石灰（传统使用）和黄石膏（工业副产品），通过温室盆栽试验进行了研究。从四个地点采集了土壤样本，这些地点是根据 DTPA 可提取 Cd 的四个等级水平划分的，分别为地点 1（0.43mgkg）、地点 2（0.92mgkg）、地点 3（1.77mgkg）和地点 4（4.48mgkg）。试验采用三重复完全随机设计，以石灰（0、250、500mgkg）和黄石膏（0、250、500mgkg）为一个因子，在采集的土壤上种植花生作为试验作物。结果表明，无论初始土壤有效 Cd 含量和使用的改良剂类型如何，随着改良剂剂量的增加，土壤中 DTPA 可提取 Cd 含量和植物中 Cd 浓度均显著降低。改良剂的效果具有土壤特异性，在初始 Cd 含量较低的地点 1，效果更为明显。在花生种植的土壤中，与绝对对照相比，单独或联合施用 500mgkg 的石灰和黄石膏可使 DTPA 可提取 Cd 的减少量最大，在这四个地点的降幅分别为 83.72%、77.17%、48.59%和 40.63%。联合施用时，Cd 的目标癌症风险（TCR）也降低了。因此，从长远来看，石灰和黄石膏的联合应用有利于减轻 Cd 污染。
