Ballucci Dale, Ghebrai Sam, Haan Michael
Department of Sociology, Western University, London, Canada
Department of Sociology, Western University, London, Canada.
Violence Vict. 2024 Mar 7;39(1):53-70. doi: 10.1891/VV-2021-0248.
An increasing body of sociological research explores the complexity of intimate partner violence (IPV) in heterosexual relationships. However, early research in this area concentrated exclusively on male perpetration, thereby necessitating a better understanding of the contexts behind female-perpetrated and bidirectional IPV. Using the two most recent cycles of the Canadian General Social Survey (2014 and 2019), our study employs a multinomial logistic regression model to examine the prevalence and severity of female and male physical IPV victimization among a large sample of married and common-law heterosexual couples. Framing our analysis through one concentric level of Dutton's (1990) nested ecological model, the exosystem, we aim to understand whether these indicators serve as protective markers against severe and nonsevere physical IPV. We investigate the impact of eight exosystem indicators (financial stress, number of children, length of relationship, religiosity, employment, social support, education, and income). Our findings suggest that social support, employment, and household income serve as protective markers against male and female physical IPV victimization. Other protective factors include the length of the relationship and the partner's religiosity for female-perpetrated violence. At the same time, the presence of children in the household reduces the likelihood of male-perpetrated IPV despite being a risk marker for female perpetration. Risk factors for both men and women include education and their partner's employment. Future research should undertake a more in-depth exploration of the impact of exosystem and macrosystem factors on instances of IPV to generate a better understanding of predictive and preventative measures.
越来越多的社会学研究探讨了异性恋关系中亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的复杂性。然而，该领域早期的研究仅专注于男性施暴，因此有必要更好地理解女性施暴以及双向IPV背后的背景。利用加拿大综合社会调查的两个最新周期（2014年和2019年），我们的研究采用多项逻辑回归模型，在大量已婚和同居异性恋夫妇样本中，考察男性和女性身体IPV受害情况的发生率和严重程度。我们通过达顿（1990年）嵌套生态模型的一个同心圆层次，即外系统来构建分析框架，旨在了解这些指标是否可作为抵御严重和非严重身体IPV的保护标志。我们调查了八个外系统指标（经济压力、子女数量、关系时长、宗教信仰、就业、社会支持、教育程度和收入）的影响。我们的研究结果表明，社会支持、就业和家庭收入可作为抵御男性和女性身体IPV受害的保护标志。其他保护因素包括关系时长以及伴侣的宗教信仰对女性施暴的影响。与此同时，家庭中有孩子会降低男性施暴的可能性，尽管这是女性施暴的一个风险标志。男性和女性的风险因素包括教育程度及其伴侣的就业情况。未来的研究应更深入地探讨外系统和宏观系统因素对IPV事件的影响，以便更好地理解预测和预防措施。
