Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US.
Environ Health. 2024 Mar 8;23(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s12940-024-01066-2.
Studies suggest prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may influence wheezing or asthma in preschool-aged children. However, the impact of prenatal PAH exposure on asthma and wheeze in middle childhood remain unclear. We investigated these associations in socio-demographically diverse participants from the ECHO PATHWAYS multi-cohort consortium.
We included 1,081 birth parent-child dyads across five U.S. cities. Maternal urinary mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolite concentrations (OH-PAH) were measured during mid-pregnancy. Asthma at age 8-9 years and wheezing trajectory across childhood were characterized by caregiver reported asthma diagnosis and asthma/wheeze symptoms. We used logistic and multinomial regression to estimate odds ratios of asthma and childhood wheezing trajectories associated with five individual OH-PAHs, adjusting for urine specific gravity, various maternal and child characteristics, study site, prenatal and postnatal smoke exposure, and birth year and season in single metabolite and mutually adjusted models. We used multiplicative interaction terms to evaluate effect modification by child sex and explored OH-PAH mixture effects through Weighted Quantile Sum regression.
The prevalence of asthma in the study population was 10%. We found limited evidence of adverse associations between pregnancy OH-PAH concentrations and asthma or wheezing trajectories. We observed adverse associations between 1/9-hydroxyphenanthrene and asthma and persistent wheeze among girls, and evidence of inverse associations with asthma for 1-hydroxynathpthalene, which was stronger among boys, though tests for effect modification by child sex were not statistically significant.
In a large, multi-site cohort, we did not find strong evidence of an association between prenatal exposure to PAHs and child asthma at age 8-9 years, though some adverse associations were observed among girls.
研究表明，产前多环芳烃（PAHs）暴露可能会影响学龄前儿童的喘息或哮喘。然而，产前 PAH 暴露对儿童中期哮喘和喘息的影响仍不清楚。我们在来自 ECHO PATHWAYS 多队列联盟的社会人口统计学上多样化的参与者中研究了这些关联。
我们纳入了来自美国五个城市的 1081 对母婴对子。在妊娠中期测量母体尿液单羟基化 PAH 代谢产物浓度（OH-PAH）。通过照顾者报告的哮喘诊断和哮喘/喘息症状来描述 8-9 岁时的哮喘和儿童期喘息轨迹。我们使用逻辑回归和多项回归来估计与五个单独的 OH-PAH 相关的哮喘和儿童期喘息轨迹的优势比，调整尿液比重、各种母婴特征、研究地点、产前和产后吸烟暴露以及出生年份和季节在单代谢物和相互调整模型中。我们使用乘法交互项来评估性别对效应修饰的影响，并通过加权分位数总和回归探索 OH-PAH 混合物的影响。
研究人群中哮喘的患病率为 10%。我们发现妊娠 OH-PAH 浓度与哮喘或喘息轨迹之间存在不良关联的证据有限。我们观察到 1/9- 羟基菲与哮喘和女孩持续性喘息之间存在不良关联，以及 1-羟基萘与哮喘之间存在负相关的证据，这种关联在男孩中更强，但性别对效应修饰的检验没有统计学意义。
在一个大型多地点队列中，我们没有发现产前暴露于 PAHs 与 8-9 岁儿童哮喘之间存在强烈关联的证据，尽管在女孩中观察到了一些不良关联。
