Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2024 Dec;52(6):556-560. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2024.2327275. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Previous research has demonstrated that concussions increase the risk of subsequent lower extremity musculoskeletal injury in athletes. However, the risk of upper extremity injury in athletes' post-concussion is poorly understood.
All concussed football players within a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I conference athletic database were identified between 2017 and 2021. After exclusions, each athlete experiencing their first concussion was then retrospectively reviewed for upper extremity injuries in the year prior to their concussion and in the year beginning at 90 days after their concussion. All upper extremity injuries were identified and the odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and statistical significance between groups were calculated in Microsoft Excel.
160 de-identified football players from a single conference who were first diagnosed with concussions in the seasons from 2017 through 2021 met inclusion criteria. In these athletes the odds of upper extremity injury in year following first diagnosed concussion were 2.36 times higher than in the year prior (95% CI 1.13-4.95, = 0.02). Shoulder was the most common site of injury with 57.7% of injuries compared to 19.2% in the hand, 15.4% in the elbow, 7.7% in the forearm, and 0% in the wrist.
This study demonstrates that collegiate football players are at a 2.36 times greater risk of upper extremity injury in the year following their first diagnosed concussion compared to the year preceding it. The most common site of upper extremity injury after concussion was the shoulder.
III.
先前的研究表明，脑震荡会增加运动员随后下肢肌肉骨骼损伤的风险。然而，运动员脑震荡后上肢损伤的风险知之甚少。
在 2017 年至 2021 年间，从一个美国全国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级会议的运动数据库中确定了所有患有脑震荡的橄榄球运动员。排除后，对每位首次经历脑震荡的运动员进行了回顾性研究，研究了他们在脑震荡前一年和脑震荡后 90 天开始的一年中上肢受伤的情况。在 Microsoft Excel 中确定了所有上肢损伤，并计算了组间的优势比、95%置信区间和统计学意义。
从 2017 年至 2021 年的赛季中，来自单一会议的 160 名被确认为患有脑震荡的橄榄球运动员符合纳入标准。在这些运动员中，首次确诊脑震荡后一年上肢受伤的几率是前一年的 2.36 倍（95%置信区间 1.13-4.95，=0.02）。肩部是受伤最常见的部位，57.7%的损伤与手部的 19.2%、肘部的 15.4%、前臂的 7.7%和手腕的 0%相比。
本研究表明，与前一年相比，大学橄榄球运动员在首次确诊脑震荡后的一年中上肢受伤的风险增加了 2.36 倍。脑震荡后上肢最常见的受伤部位是肩部。
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