Yamauchi Yohsuke, Masutomi Hirofumi, Ishihara Katsuyuki, Hartanto Tenagy, Lee Chol Gyu, Fukuda Shinji
Metagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Japan.
Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., Utsunomiya, Japan.
Front Nutr. 2024 Feb 22;10:1254712. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1254712. eCollection 2023.
Cereal-based foods such as fruit granola (FG) and corn flakes (CF) form part of a fiber-rich diet. Dietary fiber has a good effect on human health. However, changes in gut microbiota and intestinal immunity have not been investigated. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the effects of FG and CF intake on gut microbiota, metabolome, and the immune system.
Subjects continuously consume CF or FG for 4 weeks. Stool samples, and questionnaires on defecation were collected before, 2 weeks after, and 4 weeks after intake. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Fecal metabolomes were analyzed using GC/MS and CE-TOF/MS. Fecal IgA was analyzed using ELISA.
The defecation frequency after cereal based food intake was improved. The different cereal-based foods had different effects on gut microbiome. The increase in intestinal IgA levels was positively correlated with the relative abundance of and the Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group in CF and FG group, respectively. SCFAs showed a positive correlation with 9 in the FG group.
This study showed that the supplement in dietary fiber contained in CF and FG improves bowel movements. CF and FG each had different effects on gut microbes, metabolites and different relationships between fecal IgA or SCFAs and gut microbiota.
以谷物为基础的食物，如水果燕麦片（FG）和玉米片（CF），是富含纤维饮食的一部分。膳食纤维对人体健康有良好影响。然而，肠道微生物群和肠道免疫力的变化尚未得到研究。我们进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，以研究摄入FG和CF对肠道微生物群、代谢组和免疫系统的影响。
受试者连续4周食用CF或FG。在摄入前、摄入后2周和4周收集粪便样本及排便问卷。使用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序分析肠道微生物群。使用气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）和毛细管电泳飞行时间质谱仪（CE-TOF/MS）分析粪便代谢组。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析粪便免疫球蛋白A（IgA）。
摄入谷物类食物后排便频率得到改善。不同的谷物类食物对肠道微生物群有不同影响。CF组和FG组肠道IgA水平的升高分别与[具体菌属]和Lachnospiraceae ND3007组的相对丰度呈正相关。FG组中短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）与[具体菌属9]呈正相关。
本研究表明，CF和FG中所含膳食纤维的补充可改善排便。CF和FG对肠道微生物、代谢产物以及粪便IgA或SCFAs与肠道微生物群之间的关系各有不同影响。
