Matheny P B, Kudzma L V, Graddy M G, Mardini S M, Noffsinger C R, Swenie R A, Walker N C, Campagna S R, Halling R, Lebeuf R, Kuo M, Lewis D P, Smith M E, Tabassum M, Trudell S A, Vauras J
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1610, USA.
37 Maple Avenue, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, USA.
Fungal Syst Evol. 2023 Nov;12:153-201. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.09. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
A multigene phylogenetic assessment of North American species of is presented based on analyses of ITS, and 28S rDNA nucleotide data. This framework enables a systematic revision of the genus for 16 eastern North American species and captures taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in a global context. A grade of two unusual and poorly known North American species stems from the most recent common ancestor of the genus that gives rise to three core subgroups named here as clades Unicolores, Nothosperma, and Mallocybe. The grade of taxa includes the poorly known from Florida and a new species from the southern Appalachians, , both of which appear to be narrow-range endemics. Clade Nothosperma is characterized by Australian and New Zealand species, whereas clade Unicolores is composed of six species from eastern North America and East Asia. Clade Mallocybe is dominated by numerous north temperate taxa and constitutes the sister group to clade Nothosperma. These major clades are distinguished by a combination of phylogeny, morphology, geographic distribution, and ecology. In addition, four North American species are described as new: , and . Several names originating in North America, long ignored or misunderstood in the literature, are revitalized and established by type comparisons and modern reference material collected from or near type localities. In addition, 11 species were subjected to mass spectrometry muscarine assays, none of which contained detectable amounts of muscarine except for two: and . This confirms a diffuse phylogenetic distribution of muscarine within the genus. Taxonomic descriptions are presented for 16 species, several synonymies proposed, and four new combinations made. A key to species of eastern North American is presented, along with illustrations of important diagnostic features. : Matheny PB, Kudzma LV, Graddy MG, Mardini SM, Noffsinger CR, Swenie RA, Walker NC, Campagna SR, Halling R, Lebeuf R, Kuo M, Lewis DP, Smith ME, Tabassum M, Trudell SA, Vauras J (2023). A phylogeny for North American and taxonomic revision of eastern North American taxa. 12: 153-201. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.09.
基于对ITS和28S rDNA核苷酸数据的分析，对北美该属物种进行了多基因系统发育评估。该框架能够对北美东部16个物种的属进行系统修订，并在全球背景下捕捉分类学和系统发育多样性。两个不常见且鲜为人知的北美物种源自该属最近的共同祖先，由此产生了三个核心亚组，在此命名为单色菌分支、杂种菌分支和黄斑蘑菇分支。这一分类单元包括来自佛罗里达州的鲜为人知的物种以及来自阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的一个新物种，这两个物种似乎都是狭域特有种。杂种菌分支以澳大利亚和新西兰的物种为特征，而单色菌分支由来自北美东部和东亚的六个物种组成。黄斑蘑菇分支以众多北温带分类单元为主，是杂种菌分支的姐妹群。这些主要分支通过系统发育、形态、地理分布和生态等多方面特征加以区分。此外，描述了四个北美新物种：[具体物种名称]。几个源自北美的名称，在文献中长期被忽视或误解，通过模式标本比较以及从模式产地或其附近收集的现代参考材料得以重新确认并确立。此外，对11个物种进行了质谱法毒蝇碱测定，除了两个物种：[具体物种名称]和[具体物种名称]外，其他物种均未检测到可检测量的毒蝇碱。这证实了毒蝇碱在该属内的系统发育分布较为分散。给出了16个物种的分类描述，提出了几个同义名，并进行了四个新组合。给出了北美东部该属物种的检索表，以及重要诊断特征的图示。作者：Matheny PB, Kudzma LV, Graddy MG, Mardini SM, Noffsinger CR, Swenie RA, Walker NC, Campagna SR, Halling R, Lebeuf R, Kuo M, Lewis DP, Smith ME, Tabassum M, Trudell SA, Vauras J (2023). 北美该属物种的系统发育及北美东部分类单元的分类修订。《真菌系统学与进化》12: 153 - 201。doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.09 。
