Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 8;19(3):e0299564. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299564. eCollection 2024.
Conducting a study in rural pre-dominant areas will help to understand the penetration of the vaccination campaign during the COVID-19 health crisis. This study aimed to investigate vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among the rural adult population in India and to identify factors associated with vaccination coverage.
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the rural population in one district of north India from January to February 2023. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed on the SurveyMonkey digital platform for interviewing the participants, which consisted of questions related to socio-demographic profile, health problems, vaccination status, types of vaccine, re-infection after vaccination, and functional difficulties. The data regarding infection with COVID-19 was collected based on self-reported positive testing for SARS-CoV 2 on RT-PCR.
A total of 3700 eligible individuals were enumerated for the survey, out of which 2954 (79.8%) were interviewed. The infection rate of past COVID-19 infection, based on self-report of testing positive, was 6.2% (95%CI: 5.3-7.1). Covishield vaccine was received by most participants (81.3%, 2380) followed by Covaxin (12.3%, 361) and Pfizer manufactured vaccine (0.03,1). The coverage for first, second, and booster doses of the vaccine was 98.2% (2902), 94.8% (2802), and 10.7% (315) respectively. The risk of reinfection at 12 months or more among participants with two doses of vaccine was 1.6% (46/2802, 95%CI: 1.2-2.1). The coverage among those with severe functional difficulties was lesser as compared to those with some or no difficulties.
Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in rural Haryana, India is not dependent on factors like gender or occupation but is dependent on age and education. Although the full and partial vaccination coverage is high, the booster dose coverage is poor. In addition, the presence of severe disability was significantly associated with reduced vaccination coverage.
在农村为主的地区开展研究有助于了解 COVID-19 卫生危机期间疫苗接种活动的普及情况。本研究旨在调查印度农村成年人口对 COVID-19 的疫苗接种率，并确定与疫苗接种率相关的因素。
本研究采用横断面研究方法，于 2023 年 1 月至 2 月在印度北部一个区的农村人口中进行。使用 SurveyMonkey 数字平台设计了一份半结构式问卷，用于采访参与者，问卷内容包括社会人口统计学特征、健康问题、疫苗接种状况、疫苗类型、接种后再感染以及功能障碍。关于 COVID-19 感染的数据是根据 SARS-CoV 2 的 RT-PCR 检测结果自我报告的阳性检测结果收集的。
共对 3700 名符合条件的个体进行了调查，其中 2954 名（79.8%）接受了访谈。根据自我报告的检测阳性结果，过去 COVID-19 感染率为 6.2%（95%CI：5.3-7.1）。大多数参与者接种了 Covishield 疫苗（81.3%，2380 人），其次是 Covaxin（12.3%，361 人）和辉瑞公司生产的疫苗（0.03%，1 人）。疫苗的第一、第二和加强剂量接种率分别为 98.2%（2902 人）、94.8%（2802 人）和 10.7%（315 人）。在接种两剂疫苗的参与者中，12 个月或以上再感染的风险为 1.6%（46/2802，95%CI：1.2-2.1）。与有一些或没有功能障碍的人相比，有严重功能障碍的人的接种率较低。
印度哈里亚纳邦农村地区的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率不受性别或职业等因素的影响，而是取决于年龄和教育程度。尽管全面和部分疫苗接种率较高，但加强剂量接种率较低。此外，严重残疾的存在与疫苗接种率降低显著相关。
