Shao Fanglei, Li Kainan, Ouyang Da, Zhou Jiawen, Luo Yating, Zhang Haibo
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Sino-Spain Joint Laboratory for Agricultural Environment Emerging Contaminants of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 10;924:171598. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171598. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
Understanding the source identification and distribution of heavy metal(loid)s in soil is essential for risk management. The sources of heavy metal(loid)s in farmland soil, especially in areas with rapid economic development, were complicated and need to be explored urgently. This study combined geographic information system (GIS) mapping, positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and cadmium (Cd) isotope fingerprinting methods to identify heavy metal(loid) sources in a typical town in the economically developed Yangtze River Delta region of China. Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and Co in different samples were detected. The results showed that Cd was the most severely contaminated element, with an exceedance rate of 78.0 %. GIS mapping results indicated that the hotspot area was located in the northeastern area with prolonged operational histories of electroplating and non-ferrous metal smelting industries. The PMF model analysis also identified emissions from smelting and electroplating enterprises as the main sources of Cd in the soil, counted for 49.28 %, followed by traffic (25.66 %) and agricultural (25.06 %) sources. Through further isotopic analysis, it was found that in soil samples near the industrial park, the contribution of electroplating and non-ferrous metal smelting enterprises to cadmium pollution was significantly higher than other regions. The integrated use of various methodologies allows for precise analysis of sources and input pathways, offering valuable insights for future pollution control and soil remediation endeavors.
了解土壤中重金属（类金属）的来源识别和分布对于风险管理至关重要。农田土壤中重金属（类金属）的来源，尤其是在经济快速发展地区，情况复杂，亟待探索。本研究结合地理信息系统（GIS）制图、正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型和镉（Cd）同位素指纹法，以识别中国经济发达的长江三角洲地区一个典型城镇的重金属（类金属）来源。检测了不同样品中的Cd、As、Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni和Co。结果表明，Cd是污染最严重的元素，超标率为78.0%。GIS制图结果表明，热点区域位于东北部，电镀和有色金属冶炼行业运营历史较长。PMF模型分析还确定冶炼和电镀企业的排放是土壤中Cd的主要来源，占49.28%，其次是交通（25.66%）和农业（25.06%）来源。通过进一步的同位素分析发现，在工业园区附近的土壤样品中，电镀和有色金属冶炼企业对镉污染的贡献明显高于其他地区。综合运用各种方法能够精确分析来源和输入途径，为未来的污染控制和土壤修复工作提供宝贵的见解。
